UN Investigators Urge Establishment of War Crimes Tribunal for Central African Republic

By Kathryn Maureen Ryan
Impunity Watch, Managing Editor

BANGUI, Central African Republic –United Nations-mandated investigators warned on Wednesday that war crimes are currently being committed in the Central African Republic and called for the establishment of a ‘truly international’ tribunal with international judges who could objectively investigate and prosecute perpetrators of such crimes in the war torn country on both sides of the ongoing conflict in the African nation. Law professor Philip Alston, member of the International Commission of Inquiry on the Central African Republic, warned against a proposal being discussed by the United Nations to establish a special criminal court in the country arguing that the Central African Republic does not have the capacity to handle such cases. Alston argued the country lacks judges with the independence and the ability to hold accountable the major political leaders who would likely be prosecuted by such a tribunal.

Fatimata M’Baye (right) and Philip Alston, two members of the International Commission of Inquiry on the Central African Republic (CAR), brief the press. (Photo courtesy of the United Nations News Centre)

International Commission of Inquiry on the Central African Republic was established up by the United Nations Security Council in 2013 with a mandate to probe reports of human rights violations in the Central African Republic, which has been engaged in a protracted civil war. The commission was mandated with compiling information and helping identify the perpetrators of potential human rights abuses. The commission is scheduled to release its most recent report to the Security Council tomorrow. Commissioner Alston said that the latest inquiry which was conducted over the strongly recommends the establishment of accountability mechanisms in order to identify the ‘cycle of impunity’ in the Central African Republic.

Two of the Commission’s three members have warned that unless the international community pays more attention to the ongoing siltation in the Central African Republic and works to hold the perpetrators of human rights abuses accountable, the situation in the country could intensify and even spiral into genocide. “We are here to say that we make some recommendations to the Security Council and Secretary-General but also to the African Union and the CAR Government,” said Commissioner Fatima. M’Baye, adding that: “We think that for the conflict in CAR not to grow even more, the international community must act fast against those who abuse human rights law and humanitarian law.” Fatima. M’Baye also said that the Commission has listed the perpetrators of abuses whom they are sure “are implicated in the ongoing conflict in the Central African Republic.” She also added that this list will be handed over to the United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, she said.

The Central African Republic has seen more than two years of civil war and sectarian violence which has displaced thousands across the country. According to the estimates of the United Nations, nearly 440,000 people remain internally displaced and 190,000 have become refugees seeking asylum across international borders. In December of last year, Under-Secretary-General for UN Peacekeeping Operations Hervé Ladsous warned of a potentially explosive situation in the African nation amid continuing violent clashes between the Séléka alliance, a majority Muslim group, and the majority Christian anti-Balaka militia.

For more information please see

ABC News – International Court Urged For Central African Republic – 21 January 2015

International Business Times – How European, Chinese Weapons Fuel Conflict In Central African Republic – 21 January 2015

United Nations News Centre – Central African Republic: UN Investigators Urge Establishment of War Crimes Tribunal – 21 January 2015

Reuters – U.N. Worker Kidnapped In Central African Republic: Mission – 20 January 2015

 

Kenyan police tear gas children protesting

By Ashley Repp

News Desk Reporter, Africa

Nairobi, Kenya –

Many in Kenya, including the president, have recently condemned the violent actions police took against protesters, most of whom were primary school children between the ages of six and fourteen.  On Monday, January 19th, school children from the Lang’ata schools began to protest the ‘grabbing’ of their playground.  The students returned to school following a two week long teachers’ strike, to find that their playground had been sealed off by a large wall.  Whether the students were incited to revolt against the wall by activists, or whether they came to the conclusion that the taking of their playground without warning was wrong on their own, is currently unclear.

Ocuppy Playground
Lang’ata school children with an ‘Occupy Playground’ sign (Photo courtesy of Deutsche Welle)

The students began rioting; throwing rocks at the wall, pushing against it to knock it down, and coming towards police with sticks.  In response to the behavior of the children, the police guarding the wall unleashed tear gas on crowd, apparently in response to a command from a senior police member.  Videos of the scene show children scream, coughing, and in visible pain.  Some of the children were taken to the hospital for treatment following the incident.

President Kenyatta has condemned that violent behavior of the police forces that unleashed the tear gas, particularly as it was used on a crowd of children contesting the taking of their playground.  The president made it clear that violence against children is unacceptable.  He also touched on the issue of the playground being taken and sealed off on the first place.  While it is currently unclear, many residents and activists of the area speculate that the land was ‘grabbed,’ or taken illegally.  Residents and activists also point to local politicians, asserting that it is clear that the land was taken for some political reason, and the transfer of the land did not follow existing laws that would legitimize the transfer.  It appears that the playground will now be used as land for a hotel.  The president announced that the taking of the playground, and the police show of brutality is unacceptable and sets a unsavory example for the Kenyan youth.  The episode also reflects poorly on the nation of Kenya.

For more information, please visit: 

BBC News- Police tear gas Kenya school children in playground row– 19 Jan, 2015

Washington Post- Kenya: Police tear-gas school kids in demo over playground– 19 Jan, 2015

Deutsche Welle- Kenyan President vows action over police tear gassing of children– 21 Jan, 2015

Indonesia Executes Six on Drug Convictions, Including Five Foreign Nationals

By Max Bartels 

Impunity Watch Reporter, Oceania 

 

Jakarta, Indonesia

On Saturday the Indonesian government executed six convicted drug smugglers by firing squad. Only one of the six was an Indonesian citizen, the other five were foreign nationals that had been convicted of drug smuggling in Indonesia. The five foreigners were Malawian,  Nigerian, Vietnamese, Brazilian and Dutch. Indonesian President Joko Widodo rejected the clemency appeals of all six of the convicted criminals as well as rejected pleas from international rights organizations and the national governments of the some of the convicts.

Ambulances transport the bodies of the six individuals executed in Indonesia on drug convictions. (Photo curtesy of The Sydney Morning Herald)

Both the Brazilian and Dutch governments reached out extensively to President Widodo to plea for the lives of their citizens. The Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff made a plea to Widodo saying she respected Indonesian sovereignty but she was pleading as a mother and a head of state for humanitarian reasons. Widodo was understanding of her concern but in the end said there was nothing he could do because the full process of the law had been followed. The Dutch government also reached out to Widodo in the form of Foreign Minister Bert Koenders,  as well as Prime Minister Mark Rutte and King Willem- Alexander. Foreign Minister Koender referred to the executions as a “cruel and inhumane punishment and an unacceptable denial of dignity and integrity.” Both the Brazilian and Dutch ambassadors have been recalled from Indonesia since the executions.

The Brazilian, 53 year old Marco Moreira was arrested in 2003 after police at the Jakarta airport found about 13.4 kilos of cocaine in his hand glider. Dutchman Ang Kiem Soe aged 52 was also arrested in 2003 when police in Jakarta found equipment that they estimated could produce 15,000 ecstasy pills each day for three years. The police also confiscated 8,000 pills and thousands of dollars from Soe. Currently, there is also a second Brazilian national  on death row in Indonesia for drug charges.

President Widodo took office in November and these six executions are the first of his term. The President has declared to take a hard stance on drug smugglers and intends the executions to act as a deterrent to combat Indonesians rising drug problem. The President has also refused to grant clemency for 64 other convicted drug smugglers currently on death row. The President has declared that a second round of executions will take place later this year. Currently one third of the individuals on death row, most for drug offenses are foreign nationals.

For more information, please see:

Associated Press via Aol News — Indonesia Executes 6 Drug Convicts, Including 5 Foreigners — 18 January 2015

BBC News — Indonesia Executions: Brazil and Dutch Envoys Recalled — 18 January 2015 

CNN — Indonesia Executes 6 for Drug Offenses, sets off Diplomatic Storm — 18 January 2015

NY Times — Indonesia’s Execution of Foreigners Prompts Diplomatic Storm — 19 January 2015

UNHCR Urges Support for Syrian Refugees in Jordan

By Kathryn Maureen Ryan
Impunity Watch, Managing Editor

AMMAN, Jordan – The United Nation’s High Commissioner for Refugees has called on the International Community to help alleviate the “desperate living conditions” of Syrian refugees now living away from Jordan’s main camps. According to a recent United Nations study, one in six refugees living outside of Jordan’s main camps is living in extreme poverty. UN High Commissioner for Refugees António Guterres warned large numbers of Syrian refugees continuing to slide into abject poverty at an alarming rate, due to the magnitude of the crisis in Syria and insufficient support from the international community.

Syrian refugees rest in an emergency shelter after their tents collapsed when heavy snows lashed Za’atari refugee camp in northern Jordan. Hundreds of refugee families were effected by the extreme winter storm. (Photo courtesy of the UNHCR)

Commissioner Guterres made a statement on the crisis during the launch of the new UNHCR study, living in the Shadows, which reveals evidence of a deepening humanitarian crisis. The Commissioner made a two-day visit to Jordan, where met with refugees profiled in the UN study in Amman and others at the Za’atari refugee camp. “I am here to express my solidarity with Syrian refugees, as the impact of snowstorm Huda is still tangible and posing an even greater strain on their already dire living conditions,” he said.

Jordan has a registered Syrian refugee population of 620,000. 84 percent of its refugee population live outside of refugee camps.  “This represents a dramatic pressure in the economy and the society of the country not to mention the terrible security impact of the Syria crisis in itself,” Commissioner Guterres said. “The generosity of the Jordanian people and the Government needs to be matched by massive support from the international community – support for the refugees themselves and for the local populations hosting them, but also structural and budgetary support to the Jordanian Government for education, health, water and sanitation and electricity to enable it to cope with this enormous challenge.”

Commissioner Guterres emphasized that the Syrian Civil war and the refugee crisis it has created can be mitigated if the international community steps up efforts to alleviate the suffering of the refugee populations. He praised the efforts of the Jordanian authorities, UNHCR and its partners to address the urgent needs of refugees during the recent heavy snowstorm which threatened the health and safety of refugees.

Extreme winter weather in the region threatened the lives and safety of refugees living in the Za’atari refugee camp. The Za’atari refugee camp is the largest refugee camp in Jordan with a population of nearly 85,000 Syrians. In the camp dozens of families were forced to abandon their family’s tents and camped in emergency shelters after their tents collapsed under the weight of snow.

Fatima, a 20 year old Syrian refugee, and her husband Mohammed were trying to protect their three small children from the cold when the roof of their tent collapsed. “We had a small stove burning in the tent to keep warm, and it fell onto my son and burned his back,” she told visitors from UNHCR to the shelter where she and her children are living with seven other families.

For more information please see:

BBC News – Syria Refugees: UN Warns Of Extreme Poverty in Jordan – 14 January 2015

The UNHCR – UNHCR Study Shows Rapid Deterioration in Living Conditions Of Syrian Refugees in Jordan – 14 January 2015

The UNHCR – Winter Storms Bring More Hardship to Refugees in Jordan’s Za’atari Camp – 9 January 2015

U.S News and World Report – The Challenge of the Syrian Refugee Response – 8 January 2015