Pro-democracy Party in Myanmar calls for international observers on Constitution Vote

By Ariel Lin
Impunity Watch Reporter, Asia

YANGON, Myanmar – Myanmar’s main opposition party, National League for Democracy (NLD) called on international observers to take part in the country’s referendum on a new constitution.  The NLD statement said the military government is allowed to campaign openly and without restriction in favor of the proposed constitution, while people campaigning against a new, military-backed charter were being assaulted and their materials seized.

“Local authorities are committing acts of suppression by trying to seize documents of the NLD and detain or interrogate township organizers,” NLD said a day after the junta-drafted charter was made public.  NLD spokesman Nyan Win told Reuters at least three NLD were attacked by unknown assailants as they campaigned against the constitution in Yangon.

Myanmar Information Minister Kyaw Hsaw promised last month the vote would be “free and fair”, but he bluntly rejected offers of U.N. technical assistance and monitors.  Pinheiro, a U.N. special reporter on Myanmar called Myanmar’s plans for constitutional referendum as “surreal”,  He also said he saw no credible moves towards political transition in the military-ruled country while the government continues detaining and repressing people who are trying to do some campaigning for a ‘no’ in the referendum.”  He also said the constitutional process could not be considered democratic given that all delegates of the constitutional assembly had been picked by the government.

The junta, who has tighten its control over Myanmar’s media, has urged the country’s 53 million people to back the charter, which is a key step in the military’s seven-point “road map to democracy” that is meant to culminate in multiparty elections in 2010.

For more information, please see
:

International Herald Tribune – Myanmar pro-democracy party calls for international observers at constitution vote – 10 April 2008

Reuters – Myanmar crackdown on “no” campaign begins: opposition – 10 April 2008

Reuters – U.N. rights expert calls Myanmar vote plan “surreal” – 14 April 2008

Salary Revelations, Poll Shake People’s Charter

By Ryan L. Maness
Impunity Watch Senior Desk Officer, Oceania

SUVA, Fiji — Fiji’s interim government has remained resolute that social change must precede the reinstatement of the electoral process, but this position has been sharply criticized by both foreign and domestic voices.  The interim government, in turn, has been sharply critical towards those organizations which it feels are hindering Fijian progress.  At the moment, among the top targets of the interim government’s anger are media outlets which have printed unflattering portrayals of the interim government and its People’s Charter.  The two most recent examples of the tension between the media and the interim government are the media’s leaking of salary of the National Council for Building a Better Fiji (NCBBF) secretariat director, John Samy, and a text-message conducted by the Fiji Times which found that a majority of Fijians do not support the People’s Charter.

Samy’s Salary Revealed

Fiji Village is reporting that they have received information that the five overseas consultants commissioned to work on the People’s Charter are being paid between $90,000 and $190,000.  While the Charter commission has yet to confirm these numbers, all information points the Head of the Technical Support Secretariat, John Samy, working for a salary of $12,000 per month.  This number alone has caused a stir. 

National Federation Party General Secretary, Pramod Rae, called the revelation outrageous.  He has called it a grave injustice for Fijian tax payers to be footing this bill during a time of economic downturn in the country. 

The interim government responded to the allegations sharply, saying that it was inappropriate for the media to report on the issue of salaries at all.   They point out that the report is “illegal” and that media outlets should compare these salaries to the money lost from the decades of corrupt government spending.  They have also pointed out the fact that for ten months last year Samy worked for free and that even his current fees are only a third of what he is normally paid for his international consultancy work. 

The editor of the Fiji Times responded that taxpayers of Fiji have a right to know how much their civil servants are being paid.  He insisted that if the interim government is professing the virtue transparent government, they should live up to their promise.

Fiji Times Poll Show Mixed Support for People’s Charter

A Fiji Times Poll that ran from 8 A.M. Friday until 6 P.M. Sunday found that 46.2 percent of respondents (761 in total) “disagreed with the plan to set up a People’s Charter”, while 45.8 percent of respondents (755 in total) said that they did agree with the plan to set up the People’s Charter.  7.9 percent of respondents were on the fence.  The Fiji Times did not report a margin of error for their poll.  The poll itself was conducted by text messages, with prepaid members subscribers to the Vodaphone and Inkk services. 

According to the Fiji Times, those people who expressed their dissatisfaction with the People’s Charter said that they the Charter was a waste of money better spent on health, education, roads and sea travel.  They also expressed their feeling that only government officials would be able to clearly express their feelings about how Fiji should move forward. 

Those in favor of the Charter, statistically also younger members of the population, said that they were optimistic that the Charter could reduce the price of goods, will be good for the environment and will reduce crime. 

The interim government has criticized the newspaper for running the poll, accusing them of using the poll as a money making endeavor.  The interim government points to the fact that, in order to participate in the poll, respondents had to pay 50 cents, half of which was kept by the newspaper.  A spokesman for the Council said that the poll “mark[s] a new low from the media of Fiji.”  The interim government said that a poll is perfectly acceptable, only that the timing was suspect. 

The paper responds that it conducted the poll in such a way as to maximize accessibility.  While admitting that they did make some money off the poll, $411.50, the poll was never designed to be a source of revenue.  Pointing to a projected $6000 price tag for advertisements of the poll, the paper said, “It’s clear this was not a money-making exercise for us, nor was it ever going to be. Instead, it was a service to our readers a chance to express an opinion on an issue of major importance to the country.”

For more information, please see:
Fiji Times — Majority says no to Charter, but ‘ayes’ close behind — 15 April 2008

Radio New Zealand International — Fiji interim administration’s charter receives thumbs down in text poll — 14 April 2008

Fiji Times — NCBBF man receives $12, 000 a month — 15 April 2008

Fiji Village — Salaries outrageous – Rae — 14 April 2008

Fiji Village — Calls made to Reveal NCBBF Consultants’ Salaries — 14 April 2008

Fiji Village — I’ve sacrificed a lot: Samy — 14 April 2008

Fiji Village — NCBBF yet to confirm consultants’ pay — 14 April 2008

BRIEF: Hundreds Sign Letter Urging Release of Iranian Activist

TEHRAN, Iran – Hundreds of Iranians have signed an open letter calling for women’s rights defender Khadijeh Moghaddam to be released.  Moghaddam was arrested on April 8 on charges of acting against national security.  She is involved in the drive to gather one million signatures opposing laws that discriminate against women.  She is also an environmental activist.  Bail was set at one billion rials (108,000 dollars).  The letter was sent to newspapers and websites across Iran.

The letter was signed by over 600 people and demanded that Khadijeh Moghaddam’s “illegal detention” end as soon as possible.  The letter said, “Moghaddam is a pioneer in environmental protection in Iran,” the letter said, noting her cooperation with city officials over waste management and protests against deforestation.  “She has been active for years in creating jobs for women and forming women’s cooperatives,” it added. “Who would believe Moghaddam has harmed national security or caused public offence?”

Amnesty International said they believed Moghaddam was arrested solely for her work to increase the support for equal rights for Iranian women.  Several women have been jailed for their involvement in the campaign as Iran has stepped up arrests of human rights campaigners and trade unionists over the past year.  One of the campaign’s leaders, Parvin Ardalan, was barred from leaving Iran in March to collect a prestigious Swedish rights award, the Olof Palme Prize.  She won the award for her contributions to the women’s rights movement.

For more information, please see:
Radio Free Europe – Iran: Arrests, Jailings of Political and Rights Activists Continue – 14 April 2008

AFP – Iran Activists Protest Feminist’s Arrest – 12 April 2008

BBC – Iran Pressed to Free Campaigner – 12 April 2008

Gazan Militants Breach Israeli Border, 2 Israeli Civilians Killed

By Laura Zuber
Impunity Watch Senior Desk Officer, Middle East

NAHAL OZ, Israel – On April 9, Gazan militants attacked the Nahal Oz Terminal, which provides Gaza with most of its fuel supplies.  Shortly following a delivery, two militants launched mortar shells at the terminal’s fuel depot, while two others climbed over the border fence.  Once in Israel, the militants shot and killed two Israeli contractors.  Israeli Defense Force (IDF) soldiers responded quickly and arrived at the crossing within minutes.  IDF engaged the militants and killed two, while two others were able to escape.

Shortly following the raid, an IDF air strike targeted a vehicle carrying the fleeing militants.  In addition, a subsequent Israeli air strike targeted a militant’s house in Gaza City.  In total, at least eight Palestinians were killed in the strikes.  Some of those killed were four civilians, including a 15 year old boy.

Following the raid at the Nahal Oz Terminal, Israel closed the crossing, effectively stopping all fuel deliveries to Gaza.  The spokesman for the Israeli military liaison office with Gaza, Shady Yassim stated that “Its opening will depend on the security evaluation.”  Israel did not ship fuel on April 10, and at least two Israeli ministers said that Israel should cut if off completely following the attack.

Three Palestinian groups, including the Islamic Jihad and the Popular Resistance Committees (PRC) claimed responsibility for the attack.  “The target was a Zionist army base and the aim was to abduct soldiers to swap them for Palestinian prisoners,” said Abu Mujahed, a spokesman for the PRC.

While the attack was claimed by the Islamic Jihad and the Popular Resistance Committees, Israel placed sole responsibility on Hamas.  “Hamas clearly controls the Gaza Strip. They are directly responsible for this attack and we will hold them accountable,” said Mark Regev, the spokesman for Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert.

A Foreign Ministry statement said “Israel considers the ruling Hamas in the Gaza Strip the sole party responsible for today’s terror attack at the Nahal Oz Terminal. Hamas bears responsibility and will also bear the consequences.”

The attack follows several weeks of uneasy peace between Israel and Gaza, where Palestinian rocket attacks and IDF operations have decreased amid Egypt’s efforts to broker a ceasefire.  However, the Associated Press states that Hamas has expressed impatience with Egypt’s failure to forge a cease-fire and repeatedly accused the world of ignoring the plight of Gazans.

Instead of, or in addition to, violence, many Gazans are peacefully demonstrating to attract international attention to their plight.  On April 10, hundreds of Gazans gathered at major junctions in Gaza City to protest against the Israeli blockade and accompanying economic sanctions.  In addition, a mass demonstration has been called for on April 11.

In related news, prior to the Nahal Oz Terminal attack, one IDF soldier and one Hamas militant were killed during an IDF raid in southern Gaza near Khan Younis.  An Israeli army spokeswoman stated that ten Palestinians were arrested during the raid and brought to Israel.  IDF stated that the raid was in response to shooting near the border and to prevent future attacks.

For more information, please see:
AFP – Israel Threatens Retaliation After Gaza Violence – 10 April 2008

Associated Press – Gaza Gunmen Kill 2 in Southern Israel – 10 April 2008

The Independent – Hamas Blamed After Two Israelis Killed at Fuel Depot – 10 April 2008

International Herald Tribune – Gaza Fuel Depot Closed After Militants from Gaza Kill Two Israelis in Border Attack – 10 April 2008

Jerusalem Post – Israel Closes Nahal Oz Crossing Following Terror Attack – 10 April 2008

Middle East Online – Israel Says to ‘Settle the Score’ with Hamas – 10 April 2008

The Telegraph – Two Israelis Die in Battle at Fuel Depot – 10 April 2008

Al Jazeera – Palestinians in Cross-Border Raid – 9 April 2008

BBC – Gaza Gunmen Attack Border Depot – 9 April 2008

BRIEF: Journalists and Protesters Arrested in Egypt

MAHALLA AL-KUBRA, Egypt- In the Northern Delta town, Egyptian police arrested nine journalists and activists.  The people in the city were roused because of the escalating food prices.  The rising prices combined with the low wages has made it more difficult for the people to survive.  According to Yahoo news, the bread price in Egypt has risen by 48% in the past year.  The journalists were covering the events related to the Egyptian opposition movement Kefaya.

The group is calling for Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak to step down from power.  President Mubarak has ruled Egypt since former President Anwar Sadat’s assassination.  President Mubarak has received much criticism because his expansion of presidential powers because of the state of emergency that has existed since Sadat’s assassination in 1981.  In his desire to quell possible threats to the national peace he has arrested many members of both the Muslim Brotherhood and Coptic Christians.  His tactics have disenfranchised him from many Egyptians.

The Kefaya have incited riots in the area.  There have been over 300 people arrested and one person killed during the two days of protests in the city.  One of the people arrested was the former chief of the Kefaya movement, Ishaq.  The Kefaya group believes that the government sought to employ “agents” that were used “to create chaos and justify the massacre.”  (AFP) They believe that the police have responded with disproportional force.

Unlike the protesters, the journalists were freed.

For more information, please see:

Afriquenligne-  Egyptian govt arrests 9 Journalists as media workers groan- 13 April 2008

AFP- Egypt opposition movement protests wave of arrests- 10 April 2008

The Media Line- Egypt Releases “Riot Journalists”- 13 April 2008

Yahoo News!-  Egypt bread price up nearly 50 percent in 12 months- 12 April 2008