by Shelby Vcelka

Impunity Watch Desk Reporter, Europe

ZAGREB, Croatia–

Thursday, Croatia closed 7 of its 8 borders to Serbia after more than 10,000 refugees attempted to cross over the weekend. The country has been overwhelmed by the arrival of refugees, failing to provide adequate transportation to migrants hoping to cross into Slovenia. Initially, Prime Minister Zoran Milanović said that the country was willing and able to help refugees reach northern Europe by providing safe passage. However, it quickly became clear to the Croatian government that they had underestimated the challenge they agreed to take on.

The shift of the flow of refugees through the Balkans has changed the dynamic of the refugee crisis in Europe, as it threatens to reopen old wounds and international mistrust. The migrants are traveling through the countries that once made up the country of Yugoslavia, which still harbors racial tensions in the region. These smaller countries, such as Croatia and Serbia, have small economies and weak welfare states, meaning they are more susceptible to reopening tensions. Those additional factors are making it more difficult for the Balkan region to respond to a crisis that wealthier countries have struggled to tackle.

The Balkan nations were initially very welcoming to the refugees, as they had received aid when the Yugoslav wars were occurring. However, these countries have struggled with building and maintaining a strong economy, leaving a majority of their populations in poverty. The governments of Croatia and other Balkans nations, upon realizing how many refugees wished to travel through, became reluctant to have an open border policy. “Countries across the region are poor, their institutions are not yet developed, and most states can barely deal with the daily problems of government, never mind a migration crisis,” said Sead Numanovic, from Avaz, a reputable Bosnian newspaper.

The situation in the Balkans is already so tense, Germany has had to declare Bosnia, Croatia, Serbia and Albania “safe nations” so refugees from those countries can be automatically denied. In addition to the hundreds of thousands of refugees coming from Syria, Iran, Afghanistan, and Iraq, many others are arriving in Germany from Serbia, Albania and Kosovo.

For more information, please see–

BBC–Migrant crisis: Croatia closes border crossings with Serbia— 18 September 2015

Budapest Business Journal–Hungary extends state of emergency as Croatia shuts borders— 18 September 2015

The Guardian–More than 2,000 refugees stranded at Croatian border town— 18 September 2015

New York Times–17,000 Migrants Stranded in Croatia by Border Crackdown— 18 September 2015

TIME–Croatia Closes Its Border Crossings With Serbia as Thousands of Refugees Enter the Country— 18 September 2015

by Shelby Vcelka

Impunity Watch Desk Reporter, Europe

ATHENS, Greece–

Greek voters returned former Prime Minister Alexi Tsipras, leader of the left-wing Syriza party, to the head of the Greek government after a strong win by the party on Sunday morning. The leader of the conservative New Democratic Party conceded defeat, congratulating Tsipras on the win. Early exiting polls showed that while the Syriza party did not win outright, a coalition government with the Independent Greeks party would create a slim majority.

However, any elation felt over the win has been eclipsed by the harsh reality of the Greek economic crisis. Opinion polls before Sunday’s election showed that millions of Greek voters were unsure who to vote for, due to the country’s economic collapse. Although Tsipras won on an anti-austerity ticket during the elections in January, he was forced to accept economic reforms in exchange for a 96 billion euro bailout from international creditors. Despite 61% of Greek citizens voting no to bailouts in July, Tsipras agreed to the bailouts to keep Greece in the Eurozone. The austerity measures that came with the new terms were seen as harsher than previous measures, and included new taxes, privatizations, and spending cuts.

Whatever coalition forms the new government, it is sure to become a headache for Tsipras, as many of the Syrzia party are angry about the bailouts. “This is a fragile party, although one third of the members broke off there are still radical elements left who can create problems for Tsipras,” said Marco Vicenzino, a Greece expert at the Global Strategy Project, an international risk consultancy. More than two dozen of the Syrzia party has broken off in defiance of the austerity measures, claiming that Tsipras has abandoned his principles.

The new Greek government will have only a couple of weeks to pass the legislation necessary to confirm to international creditors that Greek is serious about continuing with the bailouts. This government will also have to deal with the growing influx of migrants. Greece has been used as a main route into the European Union, with tens of thousands arriving by sea. Although many of these migrants leave quickly, the flow is becoming increasingly overwhelming to the already unsteady Greek government.

For more information, please see–

Al- Jazeera–Left-wing Syriza party wins Greek snap polls— 20 September 2015

BBC–Greece election: Conservative New Democracy admits defeat— 20 September 2015

Reuters–Greek voters return Tsipras to power with strong win— 20 September 2015

The Telegraph-Alexis Tsipras emerges as clear winner in shock election result— 20 September 2015