Bomb targets US Embassy Vehicle in Beirut; Three Killed

Bomb targets US Embassy Vehicle in Beirut; Three Killed

BEIRUT, Lebanon – On January 15, a bomb explosion in northern Beirut killed three, two Lebanese and one Syrian, and injured over 20.  However, the US State Department reports that four people died as a result of the attack.  According to Lebanese security forces, the bomb was placed either behind dumpsters next to a main road or packed into a stolen car on the road.  It is thought that the target of the bombing was an US embassy vehicle that was passing the bomb as it exploded.  While armored, the vehicle did not have any embassy markings and had Lebanese license plates.

The explosion occurred after the US embassy vehicle had passed and the car following it, carrying the two Lebanese nationals, was hit.  The Syrian national was riding a scooter close by.  The driver of the US embassy vehicle sustained non-life threatening injuries and the sole passenger, a non-American, sustained no injuries.  Lebanese security forces state that the unmarked car was scouting the road in security preparations for a ceremony for the outgoing US ambassador.  One American was injured in the attack; however, he is not affiliated with the US embassy.

US State Department spokesman Sean McCormack stated that preliminary evidence indicated that the car was the target.  According to McCormack, evidence supporting this conclusion includes the type of car (an SUV), the location – a road frequently used by American diplomats – and the lack of other potential targets in the area.  This is the first attack directed against US personnel in Lebanon since the end of the Lebanese civil war.  In the 1980s, US military barracks and the embassy were targets of attacks.  However, no individual or organization has claimed responsibility for the attack so the intended target remains unstated.

Following the explosion, Lebanese police and US embassy security personnel cordoned the area to begin investigations.  McCormack stated that a joint diplomatic and security team, including the FBI, will investigate the attack.

Lebanese and US officials have condemned the attack.  US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice said that the US was outraged “against the terrorist attack” and that “the United States will, of course, not be deterred in its efforts to help the Lebanese people, to help the democratic forces in Lebanon, to help Lebanon resist force and interference in their affairs.”

Lebanese officials condemned the attack as an attack against Lebanese security and stability.  Hezbollah also condemned the attack since it was on Lebanese territory and killed innocent people.

This follows a January 8 explosion injuring several UN peacekeeping personnel south of Beirut.

For more information, please see:
Associated Press – US Embassy Vehicle Hit by Car Bomb – 16 January 2008

Daily Star – Three Killed by Bomb Meant for US Embassy Vehicle – 16 January 2008

Middle East Times – Lebanon US-Targeted Blast Raises Stakes – 16 January 2008

New York Times – Bomb Targets US Car in Beirut – 16 January 2008

Reuters – US Car in Beirut Seems to Have Been Target – 16 January 2008

Telegraph – Beirut Attack on US Embassy Car Kills Three – 16 January 2008

BBC – Four Killed in Beirut Explosion – 15 January 2008

BBC – Bomb Strikes UN Patrol in Lebanon – 8 January 2008

UN Urges Thailand to Release 149 Hmong

By Kristy Tridhavee
Impunity Watch Reporter,
Asia

BANGKOK, Thailand – The United Nation’s refugee agency urged Thailand to release 149 ethnic Hmong from Laos. The Hmong have been detained for more than 400 hundred days even though several countries have offered to take them in. They were rounded up in Bangkok in November 2006 for deportation.

The refugees fled persecution in Laos. Many Hmong sided with the pro-U.S. Laotian government in the 1960’s and 1970’s before the communist takeover of Laos in 1975. After the communist takeover in 1975, almost 300,000 Hmong fled to Thailand. Most resettled in third countries, and several thousand were voluntarily repatriated in Laos. UN High Commissioner for Refugees spokeswoman Erika Feller said, “They have been recognized as in need of international protection, and they should be allowed to take up the offer already made to them to leave Thailand and start to live productive lives and have a future in other countries.”

Thailand, however, recognizes the 149 refugees as migrants and contends they violated Thai law by entering the country illegally. Nearly 300 others were deported in 2006. The 149 refugees presently detained were on the brink of being repatriated to Laos on January 1, 2007 until international pressure halted the move.

The refugees underwent a hunger strike last August. They declare that they would rather die than return to Laos.

The refugees include 90 children. Five children have been born while in detention. The UN’s refugee agency is concerned about the conditions the Laotians live in and the education of the children. Spokeswoman Erika Feller said, “We are particularly concerned that 90 children, including five born in detention, are being held in these sub-standard conditions. They should not be locked up and should be getting a proper education.” Thai authorities have only recently allowed the refugees out of their cells for three hours a day.

For more information, please see:

Radio Free Asia – UN Urges Thailand to Free Lao Hmong – 15 January 2008

Reuters – UNHCR Urges Thailand to Release Hmong Refugees – 15 January 2008

UN News Centre – UN Agency Urges Release of Laotians Held in Thailand for More than a Year – 14 January 2008

Deteriorating Situation in Sudan

By Elizabeth Costner
Impunity Watch Senior Desk Officer, Africa

KHARTOUM, Sudan – South Africa is leading the voice of concern over the deteriorating situation in Sudan.  Deputy Foreign Affairs Minister Aziz Pahad commented on a UN report citing a “dramatic deterioration” in the security situation in Darfur and that the joint UN-AU peacekeeping force is seriously behind schedule. 

Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations Jean-Marie Guehenno has already appealed to the Security Council for help in speeding up the delivery of units and equipment and to promote the political process to ensure full deployment of the desperately needed peacekeepers. 

Mr. Pahad expressed concern over Guehenno’s statements, and said that “it is clear the situation is deteriorating not just beyond the borders but also in the Darfur region.”  He also voiced concern over the recent attack by the Sudanese Army on a UN-AU Mission in Darfur (UNAMID) convoy of more than 20 vehicles.  The convoy had been carrying rations for UNAMID personnel when it came under fire.  The convoy did not return fire. 

The Sudanese government has confirmed its commitment to ensuring the security and safety of UNAMID personnel and to the full implementation of the UN resolution approving the force. 

Recently, the rebel group Justice and Equality Movement (Jem), has accused the Sudanese government of bombing rebel positions in West Darfur.  According to Jem, there have been several civilian casualties as people flee the villages.   International sources confirmed with Reuters that government planes had been seen in action on Sunday, however there has been no confirmation from the government regarding the attacks.

Meanwhile, the situation is being further complicated by hostilities involving Chadian elements. There are numerous media reports that the Chadian government may have engaged Chadian rebels in Sudanese territory on a number of occasions.   Further reports state that the Chadian Air Force may have bombed some locations south of Darfur. 

Over 200,000 people have died during Sudan’s 5-year conflict and more than 2 million have been displaced from their homes. 

For more information, please see:

AllAfrica.com – Rebel Positions Bombed in West Darfur – 16 January 2008

AllAfrica.com – SA Concerned Over Deteriorating Sudan Situation – 16 January 2008

VOA News – Darfur Rebels Say Sudan Military Bombed Two Villages – 15 January 2008

BBC News – Sudan ‘bombing rebels in Darfur’ – 15 January 2008

Japan to Review Aid to Sri Lanka

By Juliana Chan
Impunity Watch Reporter, Asia

COLOMBO, Sri Lanka – The Japanese peace envoy to Sri Lanka, Yasushi Akashi, said Tuesday that it may be necessary to review Japan’s multi-million dollar aid to Sri Lanka. Mr. Akashi is concerned by the Sri Lankan government’s decision to formally end a six-year ceasefire with the Tamil Tigers.

During Mr. Akashi’s two-day visit to Sri Lanka, he urged the government “to improve the island’s human rights situation and offer a devolution package to the rebels.”

Mr. Akashi and the rest of the international community are shocked and worried that the end of the ceasefire will lead to more violence and civilian casualties. The Sri Lankan government will formally annul the ceasefire on Wednesday, which some predict will lead to “all-out war and the breakdown of peace talks.”

President Mahinda Rajapaksa’s government says that it is intent on defeating the rebels militarily. He accuses the rebels of not being sincere about talking peace, but instead using the peace pact to regroup and rearm.

Japan is Sri Lanka’s main foreign donor, giving about $9 billion in grants, loans, and aid since 1985. Japan has not pledged any aid yet for this year, but also has not halted any existing aid. Mr. Akashi said future aid would depend on closely monitoring the situation, which would be subject to continuous review.

For more information, please see:

Reuters – Japan aid under review as Sri Lanka axes truce – 15 January 2008

AFP – Sri Lanka kills rebels, hits back at foreign critics – 14 January 2008

BBC News – Japan ‘reviews’ aid to Sri Lanka – 15 January 2008

BBC News – Sri Lanka ceasefire formally ends – 15 January 2008

Pensions Paid to Nigerian Rebel Fighters

By Meryl White
Impunity Watch Reporter, Western and Central Africa

ABUJA, Nigeria –  Forty years after the end of the Nigerian conflict, rebel fighter soldiers who fought for a breakaway state have been given their pensions. Emeka Ojukwu, a Biafran separatist, was one of the ex rebels fighters who had received payment for his retirement. Mr Ojukwu, who is now 74, was pardoned in 1980. After receiving his pension check, he was perturbed and stated that It was “an insult for people to address me as a Lt Col.”

According to a 2000 BBC report, Ojukwu felt no remorse for the civil war. Ojukwu was quoted in a 2000 saying “Responsibility for what went on – how can I feel responsible in a situation in which I put myself out and saved the people from genocide? No, I don’t feel responsible at all. I did the best I could.”

The Nigerian government has pardoned 63 rebels in an attempt to show that the country has come along way since the civil war. In 1967, the eastern region of Nigeria tried to break away from the country, and the conflict resulted in millions of death. Many of the deaths resulted from famine, and inadequate medical care and aid.

In 2007, at the 40th anniversary of the commencement of the Biafran war, Emeka Ojukwu reported to the BBC that the Igbo community, who reside in south-east Nigeria, still felt excluded and marginalized from Nigerian society.

For more information, please see:

BBC – Pensions Paid to Nigerian Rebels  – 15 January 2008

BBC- Biafra: Thirty Years On  – 13 January 2000

All Africa – Nigeria: Ojukwu – ‘I’m a General… Calling Me Lt Col is an Insult’ – 15 January 2008