OTP Weekly Briefing – 26-31 January 2011 – Issue #72
Beijing Censors reports on Egypt protests
By Joseph Juhn
Impunity Watch Reporter, Asia
BEIJING, China – As thousands of anti-government demonstrators poured onto Cairo’s streets to demand freedom in the past couple of days, China’s reaction was quick and simple: censor it.
Many state-controlled internet pages and news articles, including sina.com and sohu.com censored the word “Egypt.” When the word was typed in a search engine, it prompted a following response: “According to the laws in force, the results of your search cannot be given.” User comments regarding Egypt were also deleted from Internet forums.
The recent uprisings in Egypt and Tunisia are giving pause to many authoritarian regimes around the world and China is no exception. The ruling Communist Party is wary of issues of political reform, demands for democracy and disturbances to public order, even if all these events are taking place abroad. That is why Beijing is notorious for closely monitoring the 450 million Chinese Internet users to prevent organized dissent and democratic movement as well as mention of the issue of human rights.
“Of course, the government doesn’t want to see more comments on (the protests), because stability is what they want,” said Zhan Jian, a professor with the Media Department at the China Youth University for Political Sciences.
Censoring the Internet is not the only approach, however. Beijing is also trying to get out ahead of the discussion, framing the Egyptian protests in a few editorials and articles as a chaotic affair that embodies the pitfalls of trying to plant democracy in countries that are not quite ready for it — a line China’s leaders have long held.
An editorial in the Global Times, a state-run newspaper, said such uprisings will not bring true “democracy”, as defined by Westerners.
“As a general concept, democracy has been accepted by most people. But when it comes to political systems, the Western model is only one of a few options. It takes time and effort to apply democracy to different countries, and to do so without the turmoil of revolution,” the paper said Sunday.
Two days later, the same publication took a hit against the United States for supporting authoritarian governments in pursuit of its interests in the Middle East, saying that “contradicts their so-called democratic politics.”
China’s message to its own people is clear, said Jeremy Goldkorn, who runs Danwei.org, a website that tracks the media and Internet in China.
“The Chinese government’s take is that chaos is harmful for a developing country: ‘Look what happens when people go in the streets,'” he said. “The Global Times frames everything as ‘This is the danger of Western-style democracy.'”
For more information, please see:
AFT – China micro-blogging sites censor ‘Egypt’ – 29 January 2011
Forbes – China restricts reports on Egypt protests – 2 February 2011
IHT – Wary of Egypt Unrest, China Censors Web – 31 January 2011
Protests in North Africa Threaten to Spill Over to Middle East
By Eric C. Sigmund
Impunity Watch Reporter, Middle East
RAMALLAH, West Bank – Last week’s unprecedented uprisings in Tunisia and Egypt are now fueling government opposition throughout the region. One day after Egypt’s “March of Millions,” the increasing prospects that anti-government protests will spill over into nearby Jordan and the West Bank have led many international commentators to fear regional destabilization. Thousands of Jordanians, encouraged by Egypt’s March of Millions, took the streets of Amman to demand governmental reforms. In response, King Abdullah II of Jordan took steps to quell opposition forces in the country by firing his Cabinet on Tuesday. The President of the Palestinian Authority, Mahmoud Abbas, has also promised to hold long-delayed elections in the Occupied Territories.
Many observers in the West have approached the current situation in the region with both fear and optimism. While the ousting of President Zine Al Abidine Ben Ali in Tunisia and the increasingly likely resignation of President Mubarak in Egypt may pave the way for recognition of more rights and freedoms in these countries, the protests have also given some Western leaders pause as longtime allies of the United States and Europe may be replaced by leaders hostile their interests abroad.
In addition some fear the resumption of violent conflict between Abbas’ moderate Fatah party and militant Hamas as each group vies for political supremacy. After the most recent elections in 2006, both parties attempted to subdue the other in their respective territories, leading to security roundups and detentions of political leaders. Now Abbas has ordered his security officials to ramp up pressure on opposition forces. The Palestinian President publicly expressed his concern that Hamas could gain additional momentum in the wake of Egyptian protests. He has urged that all anti-Israel demonstrations remain non-violent. President Abbas’ Cabinet promised yesterday to set a date for municipal elects by the end of next week. Hamas has already announced that it will not cooperate with Fatah in conducting the elections.
Maintaining political control of the West Bank may be more difficult than initially anticipated by Abbas. Dissatisfaction towards Abbas and his Fatah party continues to increase among Palestinians. Young Palestinians are finding it difficult to side with either Fatah or Hamas. Khalil Shikai, a Palestinian analyst, reported that “[t]hey feel that the West Bank is turning into a police state.” Accordingly, rising opposition to both parties may create a power vacuum that threatens to pit disenfranchised citizens against political parties desperate to hold onto power.
In a move to appease local populations, King Abdullah instructed Jordan’s new Prime Minister, Marouf al-Bakhit, to pursue “real political reforms.” Many Jordanians, however, have not welcomed the appointment of Mr. al-Bakhit, finding the change in leadership merely cosmetic. Commenting on the appointment of the new Prime Minister, Hamza Mansour, leader of the Islamic Action Front (Jordan’s largest opposition movement), stated “[w]e reject the new prime minister and we will continue our protests until our demands are met.” While opposition groups in the country contend that they do not wish to see complete regime change, they do seek to limit the power of the monarch. In particular, opposition groups have argued that the appointment of the Prime Minister should go to the elected leader of the party holding a parliamentary majority. While King Abdullah has promised electoral reform, he has also expressed his concern that U.S. interference count strengthen hard line Islamists.
Analysis also fear destabilization in Syria, a country which shares many similarities with Egypt. Like Egypt, Syria suffers from high levels of poverty, unemployment and corruption. Anti-government protests, organized by online social media websites, have already taken place over the weekend. Syria has consistently been the target of international criticism for its poor economic and human rights record. While protests in Syria remain mild in comparison to those held in Egypt and Tunisia, it is clear that the Syrian population sees this as a prime opportunity to ratchet up pressure on the government in Damascus.
While no one can predict the final outcome of these popular revolutions, the situation in Africa and the Middle East will continue to be fast paced and dynamic. Even if protests remain localized in Africa, the events which have occurred over the last two weeks are sure to change the nature of politics in the region. The 2011 African protests will be a defining moment in the region’s history.
For more information, please see:
Christian Science Monitor – Why Palestinians Remain So Quite as Egyptians Loudly Rail Against Mubarak – Feb. 2, 2011
Reuters Africa – Palestinians Expect A Boost From New Egypt – Feb. 2, 2011
Associated Press – Egypt Crisis Puts Pressure on US Allies in Mideast – Feb. 1, 2011
Bloomberg – Palestinians Anxious Mubarak Exit Mean More Mideast Disarray – Feb. 1, 2011
New Inquiries Into Kosovo Organ Trafficking Claims
By Christina Berger
Impunity Watch Reporter, Europe
PRISTINA, Kosovo – The Council of Europe has called for new inquiries into claims that the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) engaged in organ trafficking following the conflict with Serbia in 1999. This was prompted by a recent report by a Swiss Senator, Dick Marty, which alleges that following the war with the Serbs, a faction of the KLA, an ethnic Albanian separatist group, took prisoners to detention facilities where their organs were removed and later sold. A copy of the Marty report can be viewed here.
The Council of Europe’s Parliamentary Assembly passed a resolution calling for a “serious and independent” inquiry into the organ trafficking claims. While not binding, the resolution has reignited claims that have previously led to investigations but no prosecutions.
The report claims that witnesses to the organ trafficking were silenced and paid off by a KLA faction known as the Drenica Group. The report accuses the Drenica Group of heroin smuggling and assassinations, in addition to organ trafficking, and the report claims Hashim Thaci, the current Prime Minister of Kosovo, was the group’s leader.
Thaci strongly denies this claim. Thaci told the BBC’s Mark Lowen, “This is slanderous Serbian propaganda,” adding that “[t]here may have been individuals who misused the name of the KLA to commit illegal acts. But I have never broken international law. If there’s any evidence, an investigation should be launched to clear this slander once and for all.”
Marty has said he never claimed Thaci was directly involved in the organ trafficking, but that “it [was] hard to believe that [Thaci] never heard anything being said.”
On Friday, the EU rule of law mission (Eulex), which works with Kosovo Albanian officials to fight crime and corruption, stated that they opened a preliminary investigation into the allegations made in Marty’s report. The mission stated that it took these allegations “very seriously” and that it was “ready, willing, and able to assume responsibility” for any resulting judicial proceedings. Eulex called on all officials and organizations to come forward with relevant evidence, and promised full protection of witnesses.
Dick Marty has responded to the Eulex statements by saying that an investigation into the organ trafficking claims should be conducted by an independent body outside of Kosovo. Marty noted, “It’s not that I don’t have confidence in everybody who work[s] in EULEX…but another solution needs to be found when…persons who have high political responsibility in the country should be investigated.”
For more information, please see:
PRESS ASSOCIATION – EU probes organ trafficking claims – 30 January 2011
B92 – “Independent body should conduct probe” – 30 January 2011
AP – EU probes organ trafficking allegations in Kosovo – 29 January 2011
BBC – EU studies Kosovo ‘organ traffic’ allegations – 28 January 2011
BBC – Report reignites Kosovo organ trafficking claim – 25 January 2011
BBC – Council of Europe calls for new Kosovo organ inquiry – 25 January 2011
OTP Weekly Briefing – 18-25 January 2011 – Issue #71