Asia

Another Tibetan Self-Immolation Amid Tensions in China

By: Jessica Ties
Impunity Watch Reporter, Asia

BEIJING, China – Another Tibetan protester has set himself ablaze in protest of China’s rule over a Tibetan region in the Sichuan province of China.

Scheduled Tibetan protests and recent self-immolations have led to increased security in China (Photo Courtesy of Free Tibet Now).

The most recent occurrence adds to the wave of self-immolation being used to express resistance to the role the Chinese government is playing in the Tibetan region.

Since March 2009 twenty-one Tibetans, a majority of which were monks, have self-immolated causing the Chinese government to crackdown on monasteries.

Although the individual has not been identified, witnesses have reported that he appeared to be a monk and was shouting slogans before being carried away by the soldiers and the police. Two other monks were also detained and have yet to be identified.

Reports have indicated that three other self-immolations occurred just five days ago in the same province in which at least six Tibetan protesters were killed and sixty injured.

Security in China has been extremely tight in preparation of the planned prayers and protests of Tibetans across the world who intend to bring attention to and show respect for those who have sacrificed their lives for the Tibetan effort.

According to Lobsang Sangay, the leader of the exile government, Chinese security forces have been seen moving toward Tibet in the past few days in preparation for the Tibetan New Year on February 22 and the March anniversary of a failed uprising that occurred in 1959 and resulted in the exile of the Dalai Lama.

India-based monk, Kanyag Tsering, told Radio Free Asia that “[t]he Tibetans in Tibet are aware of the exile Tibetans’ global solidarity protest today, and as a result there was a massive security presence in Ngaba. During the daytime, almost no Tibetans were seen in the street.”

China’s Foreign Ministry spokesman, Liu Hei, has warned that “the Chinese government will resolutely crack down on any attempt to incite violence or to disrupt national unity and integrity.”

Following the protests links to telephone and internet communication have been cut in certain tumultuous regions and foreign journalists, such as CNN, have been shut out.

In addition, Tibet’s official newspaper has warned that leaders who do not maintain stability would be fired and as part of a “thankfulness education” campaign, Tibetans are required to hang the portraits of Chinese leaders in their homes.

Urges by the United States for China to allow independent observers into the restive areas have gone ignored and the authorities in China’s northern and western provinces have indicated that they will recruit 8,000 police officers to deploy in all villages for added security.


For more information, please see:

The Australian – Beijing Warning on Tibet Vigils – 9 February 2012

ABC News – Exile Prime Minister Decries Chinese Rule in Tibet – 8 February 2012

Radio Free Asia – New Self-Immolation Amid Tensions – 8 February 2012

Wall Street Journal – Tibetans Burning – 8 February 2012

CNN – CNN Crew Detained Amid Chinese Tibet Crackdown – 30 January 2012

1,000 Kyrgyz Prisoners Sew Mouths Shut

by Hibberd Kline
Impunity Watch Reporter, Asia

BISHKEK, Kyrgyzstan — More than 1,000 Kyrgyz inmates sewed their mouths shut as part of a coordinated, nationwide hunger-strike following a January 16 prison riot.

Inmates reportedly stitched their mouths shut in order to prevent prison authorities from force-feeding them (Photo courtesy of Al Jazeera).

Approximately 6,400 of Kyrgyzstan’s nearly 7,600 inmates participated in the 10 day hunger strike. Estimates put the number of inmates who sewed their lips shut between 1,175-1,300.

More than 400 of the striking inmates sewed their mouths shut using wire, staples and whatever other materials they could find after prison guards attempted to break the hunger strike by force-feeding them. The sewing tactic soon spread to other prisons through the use of smuggled cell phones in what the prisoners pronounced to be “an act of solidarity.”

Prisoners claim that the hunger-strike was aimed at securing improved living conditions including better mattresses, basic “liberties” and an end to abuses by prison guards. The hunger strikers also called for the resignation of the head of the national prison service and the director of the Bishkek Detention Center Number 1, where the protest began.

However, Kyrgyz authorities paint a very different picture. Kyrgyz officials accuse the prisoners of striking in coordination with Kyrgyzstan’s notorious crime syndicates, who have historically exercised a significant degree of influence in Kyrgyzstan’s prisons.

Sheishenbek Baizakov, head of the Kyrgyzstan State Penitentiary Service, told reporters that the strike began with calls to re-institute the policy of “common prison cells,” in which prisoners had previously been allowed to roam about the prison largely unrestricted by the guards at all times. Officials claim that the common cells reduced control by prison guards and allowed criminal gangs to more easily conduct smuggling and drug trafficking operations as well as to coerce and intimidate inmates.

Baizakov further told reporters that the prison staff itself had been heavily infiltrated by the syndicates. Baizakov explained that he had fired 80% of Kyrgyzstan’s prison directors for “creat[ing] corrupt schemes and forg[ing] alliances with the criminal underworld.”

Chairman Baizakov was appointed last year with a mandate from President Almazbek Atambayev to crackdown on organized crime in Kyrgyzstan’s penal system. The Administration sees the criminal syndicates’ powerful influence as a threat to Kyrgyzstan’s stability. Under Baizakov’s direction, prisons have begun to institute more stringent rules and several former prison directors now face criminal charges including drug trafficking.

The hunger strike followed on the heels of a prison riot that erupted in Detention Center Number 1 in Bishkek on January 16 leaving 30 prisoners and five guards injured. Additionally, reports indicate that at least one person was killed.

Authorities allege that the riot was sparked by the transfer of a crime boss to another facility as part of Baizakov’s crackdown on organized crime in the prison system. Special riot police raided the prison and used force to put down the riot.

The center’s director Mars Zhuzubekov told the press that during the raid authorities confiscated contraband items such as plasma televisions and refrigerators. Zhuzubekov did not mince his words when he laid out his vision of how a prison should be run; “This is not a hotel, this is not a holiday resort, they should serve their time.”

As the protest ended, Chairman Baizakov echoed Zhuzubekov’s sentiments stating that inmates would not be allowed to continue “to make fools of the guards.” Baizakov pronounced; “let them all sew their mouths shut.”

Inmates’ parents, who have been picketing the Kyrgyz Parliament since the January 16 riot, have called for Chairman Baizakov’s resignation.

According to deputy head of Kyrgyzstan’s prison services Kubanychbek Kenenbayey, the prisoners finally called off their protests on January 28. Kenenbayey informed the press that inmates at a women’s prison in Stepnoe village were the last to agree to break their fast. Tursunbek Akun, Kyrgyzstan’s human rights ombudsman, explained that the prisoners had ceased their protest after “being convinced that there would be no more excesses on the part of their guards.”

Prison spokeswoman Eleonora Sharshenaliayeva informed the press that as the protest drew to a close more than 200 prisoners appealed to medical services for help in removing stitches from their mouths.

In the aftermath of the protests, Kyrgyzstan’s authorities have continued to implement plans to tighten control over the country’s prison system. Proposed measures include the installation of new video surveillance systems and cell-phone jamming technology in Kyrgyzstan’s prisons and penal colonies. Chairman Baizakov announced that it would likely take the authorities 3 months to install the new systems, which have been estimated to cost 22 million soms (approximately $USD 470,000).

Current state penitentiary service policy allows inmates to make 8 phone calls per year using prison phone services. Blocking the use of cell phones in prison facilities is expected to reduce inmates’ ability to coordinate with outside criminal contacts or prisoners in other facilities.

Regardless of whether or not the protests were engineered by the crime syndicates, the situation has once again highlighted conditions in Kyrgyzstan’s penal system.

In response to the protests, Matteo Mecacci, the chair of the human rights committee for the parliamentary assembly of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, called for conditions to be eased in Kyrgyzstan’s detention facilities.

Kyrgyzstan’s prisons have long been notoriously overcrowded and prone to pestilence. There are currently 7,600 inmates incarcerated in Kyrgyzstan’s 11 penal colonies and 6 detention centers. An additional 7,000 people who have been convicted of  lesser crimes are required to check in daily with the police and are confined to their home regions.

For more information, please see:

Kyrghiz Telegraph Agency — 22 Million Soms to the Purchase of Equipment to Jam Cellular Communications in the Colonies and the Jail-GSIN — 02 February 2012

Al Jazeera — Kyrgyz Prisoners End Self-mutilation Protest — 28 January 2012

The Associated Press — Kyrgyz Prisoners Sew Lips Shut; Is Mafia to Blame? — 28 January 2012

The Korea Herald — Kyrgyz Inmates Sew Mouths Shut — 27 January 2012

Reuters — Hunger-striking Kyrgyz Prisoners Stitch Mouths Shut — 27 January 2012

Voice of America — 1,000 Kyrgyz Inmates Sew Lips in Protest — 27 January 2012

BBC News — Kyrgyzstan Prison Protest: Inmates Sew Lips Together — 25 January 2012

South Korean Indicted Over Twitter Posts

By Greg Donaldson
Impunity Watch Reporter, Asia

SEOUL, South Korea – Twenty-three year old Park Jung-geun was indicted last Tuesday on charges that he violated South Korea’s controversial National Security Law. The National Security Law broadly bans “acts that benefit the enemy” referring to North Korea. However, the law does not explain what acts are violations of the law. If convicted, Park could receive up to seven years in prison.

North Korean poster than Mr. Park modified and posted to his Twitter account (Photo Courtesy of The New York Times)

Park is a well-known social media and freedom-of-speech activist and a member of the Socialist Party. Park, who runs a photo studio in Seoul where he specializes in taking pictures of babies, was arrested last month for re-tweeting messages posted on the Twitter account of North Korea’s Committee for the Peaceful Reunification of Korea.

Park reposted messages such as “Long live Kim Jong-Il” and “Dear General Kim Jong-Il is the genius of the military and the symbol of victory who the entire world looks up to and follows,” according to South Korea’s Yonhap news agency.

In his personal postings on Twitter, Park has compared himself to “The Young General ,” referring to Kim Jong—un, because he inherited his photo studio from his father. Park has also posted links to North Korean propaganda songs and a North Korean poster that he altered. Park transformed the soldier’s face to his own and replaced the soldier’s gun with a bottle of whiskey.

Park, whose Twitter profile picture shows him standing in front of a red-starred North Korean flag with a near-empty bottle of whiskey in his hand, says he re-tweeted posts from Pyongyang’s Twitter account that he thought were ridiculous. In an interview last December, Mr. Park said “it was humiliating and ludicrous to have to wear a straight face and explain all my jokes to the detectives.”

The South Korean government has taken Mr. Park’s actions very seriously. When investigators searched Park’s apartment they copied computer hard drives and confiscated books and photographs. After five interrogation sessions Mr. Park was arrested.

Sam Zarifi, Asia-Pacific director of Amnesty International, called the charges “ludicrous” and said they should be dropped immediately. She further explained, “This is not a national security case; it’s a sad case of the South Korean authorities’ complete failure to understand sarcasm.”

The United Nations Human Rights Commission and Amnesty International have called for the National Security Law to be diluted or repealed. Rajiv Narayan, a researcher for Amnesty International, has said the law has a “chilling effect on critics of the government’s North Korea policies. Proponents of the National Security Law defend it vigorously explaining that the law is a defense against North Korea and it is especially important as Kim Jong Un gains power.

For more information please see:      

Los Angeles Times – South Korean Security Law is used to Silence Dissent, Critics Say – 5 February 2012

CBC News – South Korean Charged for Re-Tweeting North Korean Posts – 2 February 2012

New York Times –South Korean Indicted Over Twitter Posts from North—2 February 2012

Washington Post – South Korean Indicted for Re-Tweeting Messages from North Korean Government – 2 February 2012

 

100 Protesters Still Remain in Detention

By: Jessica Ties
Impunity Watch Reporter, Asia

BEIJING, China – Over 100 Tibetan protestors remain in custody after fleeing from gunshots last week.

Tibetan protester who was injured during the shooting on January 23, 2012 (Photo Courtesy of Radio Free Asia).

 

The shooting sparked a series of protects against the Chinese government and to push for Tibetan rights. Rights groups believe that at least six people were killed and sixty injured during these protests.

Witnesses have reported that government authorities have been randomly searching homes for dissidents have taken to interrogating people on the streets. One resident stated, “…I dare not to look around in a casual manner, dare not move around freely…Armed personnel are everywhere, police are in every corner.”
Other residents have reported that security personnel have warned them not to discuss politics in during phone calls outside Tibet and have been warned that these personnel are mysteriously aware that they have called relatives living outside the country.
Following the shooting, Chinese officials cut off internet and phone connection to all areas within thirty miles where the shooting occurred.
The government has claimed that “[r]ioters continued to attack and tried to grab the guns from police…[officers] first shot in the air as a warning, but it was completely ignored, so we had no other choice but to open fire.”
Following the shooting, Chinese officials cut off internet and phone connection to all areas within thirty miles where the shooting occurred.

Despite official government reporting that only two Tibetans were killed after a mob attacked local police with knives and stones, witnesses have described the protests as peaceful.

The protest began when government authorities insisted that Tibetans celebrate the Lunar New Year despite the wishes of residents still grieving from earlier protest deaths and desiring to celebrate the Tibetan New Year on February 22.

According to Kalsang, a monk based in India, the police immediately began to use photographs to help identify the protestors and even “…schoolchildren who were identified in the photos have bee detained.”

The most recent conflict follows a string of at least sixteen self-immolations by monks and other Tibetans over the past year. Adding the tension felt in the region is also the recent crackdown on Tibetans and the release of a monk who was left paralyzed from the waist down as a result of the beatings he endured in prison.

China and Tibet have had a tumultuous relationship full of unrest and violence since China’s rule over Tibet began in 1950 with the sending of troops to assume control over the region.

Many Tibetan feel that the Chinese authorities mistreat them and that they are denied the ability to freely exercise their culture and religious preferences. One well-known example is the forced exile of the Dalai Lama and attempt to replace him with a communist-approved alternative.

 

For more information, please see:

The Guardian – China Cut Off Internet in Area of Tibetan Unrest – 3 February 2012

Fox News – Tensions Rise in Tibet as Chinese Security Forces Bring Fear to the Streets – 1 February 2012

Radio Free Asia – 100 Tibetan Protesters Held – 1 February 2012

The Guardian – Tibetan Unrest Spreads as Two Reported Killed by Chinese Troops – 25 January 2012

BBC – Q&A: China and the Tibetans – 15 August 2011

 

Khmer Rouge Tribunal Unable to Pay Cambodian Employees

By Greg Donaldson
Impunity Watch Reporter, Asia

PHNOM PENH, Cambodia – Approximately 300 Cambodians working at the Khmer Rouge tribunal will not be paid for their work in the month of January. Some Cambodians, including judges, have not been paid since October. International staff is paid by the United Nations and will continue to receive their salaries throughout the tribunal.

The Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (Photo Courtesy of The Phnom Penh Post )

The reason why Cambodians are going without pay is because funds from donor countries have ran out according to tribunal spokesman, Huy Vannak. However, Vannak explained “despite the fact that no key donor countries have pledged any new financial assistance, the court pursues its work as normal.”

In a “town hall” meeting on Friday administration directors told Cambodian staff for the tribunal that they would not be paid any salary until April at the earliest. The acting director of the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) said that what he wants to see in the future is that when funds are received by the United Nations, these funds should be split between the Cambodian and International side of the court.

Under ECCC law expenses and salaries of the Cambodian staff “shall be borne by the Cambodian national budget.” Huy Vannak acknowledged the law but said this has not been the practice of the court. He continued “the Royal Government of Cambodia contributes funds for water, electricity, security, transportation of staff, and outreach activities.”

An unofficial translation of the 2012 Budget Law does not contain any appropriations for the tribunal. Cheam Yeap, Chairman of the National Assembly Finance and Banking Commission, said the government has a separate budget for the tribunal but has not received any budget proposals for 2012.

Anne Heindel a legal adviser at the Documentation Centre of Cambodia said it has been common practice for Cambodian salaries to be paid from voluntary international contributions to the Cambodian government. “Donors either give money to the UN side or the Cambodian side,” Heindel said.

A tribunal official explained that funds are usually applied for in November and received annually. However, this year directors did not fly to New York to apply for funds although a tentative plan is in place for the directors to visit New York next month.

David Scheffer, a United Nations appointed Special Expert, said last week it was his “job” to ensure there was adequate financial support for the tribunal. He continued to say “we need to ensure that there’s that infusion of funding from relevant sources into the tribunal on a regular basis.”

For more information please see:      

The Phnom Penh Post – KRT Pay Freeze Will Linger — 30 January 2012

CBS News –Khmer Rouge Tribunal Halts Salaries for Cambodians – 26 January 2012

Washington Post – Salaries Stopped for Cambodian Staffers at Khmer Rouge Tribunal Due to Funding Cuts – 26 January 2012

The Phnom Penh Post – Cash Crunch at KR Tribunal – 19 January 2012