News

Body of Italian Student Found With Evidence of Torture

By Brittani Howell

Impunity Watch Reporter, The Middle East

 CAIRO, Egypt – The body of an Italian student was found on Thursday in a ditch on the outskirts of Cairo. The student, 28-year-old Giulio Regeni, was last seen at 7pm on January 25, 2016, the fifth anniversary of the uprising, as he was headed to a friend’s birthday party.

Photo of Italian student Giulio Regeni. (Photo Courtesy of The New York Times)

Mr. Regeni’s body was found half-naked with “evident signs of torture,” namely cigarette burns and head wounds. The Egyptian prosecutor in charge of the investigation, Ahmed Nagy, stated that “there were bruises all over the body, swelling in the hands, and wounds on the face and head.” This form of torture is a signature of a form of abuse associated with the Egyptian security forces. An autopsy revealed that the cause of death was from internal bleeding due to a beating to the head.

All of the findings so far have been preliminary. Forensic authorities have yet to release a final report on the incident. Prior to the autopsy, the deputy heard of criminal investigations in Cairo, Alaa Azmi told the Associate Press that, “What we know is that this is an accident.” However, Nagy told CNN that the, “Initial inspection of the body indicates that (this) was no accident.”

Paolo Gentiloni, the Italian foreign affairs minister, stated, “We want the truth to come out, every last bit of it.” He continued, “We owe that much to a family that has been stricken in an irreparable way and, at the very least, has the right to know the truth.

Mr. Regeni was a doctoral candidate at Cambridge University. He had arrived in Cairo to research informal labor organization and to improve his Arabic. He was aware of the politically sensitive nature of his research and according to his supervisor at the American University in Cairo, “He steered clear of anything politicized” and was cautious in his work.

It has not been ruled out that Mr. Regeni’s death was the result of a random criminal act, either a failed kidnapping or a militant act.

Gentoli stated, “Obviously, we are very upset for what happened, and we asked the Egyptian government to cooperate and to allow the Italian authorities to be involved in the inquiry to understand what happened there.” Egyptian President, Abdel Fattah el-Sisi ensured that Egyptian authorities will pay, “the utmost attention to investigating the incident.”

Egyptian novelist, Ahdaf Soueif, stated on her Facebook page that there was, “something so extra sad about a person who comes to Egypt in good faith to live and study and gets caught in a nightmare, this obtuse and brutal thuggery that’s the undertone of our lives here today.”

For more information, please see:

CNN – Italian Student Who Went Missing in Cairo Found Battered and Dead – 4 February 2016

Reuters – Body of Italian Student Shows Signs of Torture: Egyptian Officials – 4 February 2016

The New York Times – An Italian’s Brutal Death in Egypt Chills Relations – 4 February 2016

The Washington Post – Italian Student’s Battered Remains Reveal Torture and ‘Slow Death,’ Egyptian Prosecutor Says

– 4 February 2016

Syria Peace Talks Begin, Opposition Group Waiting for Demands to be Met

By Brittani Howell

Impunity Watch Reporter, The Middle East

DAMASCUS, Syria – On Friday, the opposition group, High Negotiations Committee, agreed to attend the United Nations peace talks in Geneva, at the last minute. However, the HNC still refused to participate in peace talks until there is a reprieve in the bombings of civilians. The HNC went to Geneva to press their case to the United Nations as well as the public.

Activist group serving “siege soup” outside of U.N. (Photo Courtesy of New York Times)

The opposition is only interested in discussing stopping bombings, releasing political prisoners, and lifting the government siege of towns. Civilian society activists supported the oppositions ban of peace talks and stood outside the United Nations holding flags and banners, one of which stated ” UN stop talking and start acting.” 

Salma Kahale, a Syrian activist who works for Planet Syria, stated, “It’s not that we don’t want negotiations, but we want them to succeed.” The civil society groups urge that steps to relieve the suffering of civilians are taken before political negotiations.

One group of activists served “siege soup”, a wan recipe made of salted water, herbs, and bits of grass, which is eaten by Syrians in besieged towns to attempt to ward off starvation. They also dressed up as the world leaders they fault for the misery that Syrians suffer. The masks of the presidents of Russia and the United States; the foreign minister of Russia, Sergey V. Lavrov; United Nations Secretary General, Ben Kimoon; and Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, donned beaming smiles.

Wael Mashati, a refugee dressed as Mr. Lavrov, stated that the masks represent the “laughing at the suffering of the Syrian people.”

The Syrian government delegations arrived for the third round of negotiations with the United Nations mediator on Friday. After two hours after talks with the United Nations special envoy, Steffen de Mistura, the delegation left the meeting room.

While the Syria government was meeting with the U.N. mediator, Syrian and Russian forces continued their siege on as many as 15 rebel held towns, furthering the starvation of civilians. Since the last peace talks in January 2014, the Syrian government has conducted chemical attacks, dropped barrel bombs – unguided, makeshift cylinders of explosives – on rebel towns and systematically starved civilians. In the same time frame, rebel groups have besieged government held towns and launched rockets into civilian neighborhoods.

Since the beginning of the conflict more than 250,000 have been killed, hundreds of thousands of refugees have fled to Europe and civilians have been displaced. Mohannad, a doctor in the besieged town of Moadhamiyeh, told the New York Times, that nine civilians in Moadhamiyeh have died as a result of malnutrition. In addition, he also stated that ” people are dying from barrels and from the cold. People in the street don’t know where to go some fled to another part of Moadhamiyeh and others are sleeping in the streets.”

For more information, please see:

Associated Press – UN Hosted Syria Peace Talks Begin in Geneva – 29 January 2016

Reuters – U.N. Launches Syria Peace Talks as Opposition Ends Boycott – 29 January 2016

The New York Times – Syria Peace Talks Begin, With Only One Side at the Table – 29 January 2016

The Washington Post – Syria Peace Talks Open in Disarray with Opposing Groups Staying Away – 29 January 2016

Adolf Eichmann’s, Nazi War Criminal, Pardon Plea is Made Public

By Brittani Howell

Impunity News Reporter, The Middle East

JERUSALEM, Israel – On Wednesday, Israel made public a letter written by Adolf Eichmann, a Nazi war criminal. Israeli President Reuven Rivlin presented the letter at a ceremony to mark International Holocaust Remembrance Day.

Adolf Eichmann’s letter requesting a pardon in 1962 is made public Wednesday. (Photo Courtesy of the New York Times)

Eichmann who oversaw the lethal logistics during the Holocaust, had escaped from a prisoner of ware camp shortly after WWII and fled to Argentina in 1950. Eichmann lived in Argentina, under a pseudonym, where he was eventually found and captured by Mossad agents in the 1960 and smuggled into Israel.

In a letter dated May 29, 1962, the day his appeal was rejected by Israel’s supreme court, Eichmann pleaded, ” There is a need to draw a line between the leaders responsible and the people like me forced to serve as mere instruments in the hands of the leaders.”

The letter continued, “It is also incorrect that I never let myself be influenced by human emotions. He added, ” Specifically after having witnessed the outrageous human atrocities, I immediately asked to be transferred. Also, during the police investigation I voluntarily revealed horrors that had been unknown until then, in order to help establish the indisputable truth.”

Eichmann wrote that the judges that convicted him were ” not able to empathize with the time and situation” and that he had only been following orders. “I am not able to recognize the court’s ruling as just, and I ask, Your Honor Mr. President, to exercise your right to grant pardons and order that the death penalty not be carried out,”

Eichmann’s wife and his five brothers also appealed for a pardon for Eichmann. These documents were released with Eichmann’s letter, along with President Ben-Zvi’s response.

President Ben-Zvi’s letter to Dov Yosef, Israel’s justice minister, dated May 31, 1962, stated “After considering the pardon requests made on behalf of Adolf Eichmann and after having reviewed all the material presented to me, I came to the conclusion that there is no justification in giving Adolf Eichmann a pardon or easing the sentence imposed on him.” Eichmann was executed at midnight on June 1, 1962.

President Rivlin stated to the audience in the unveiling of the documents, ” Not a moment of kindness was given to those who suffered Eichmann’s evil,” He continued, ” Eichmann’s application for amnesty revealed here today proves that Eichmann and his family recognized that in the state of Israel, a murderer such as Eichmann would be convicted and that justice would be done.”

The documents had only been discovered within the last few weeks, when researchers were digitizing documents for the president’s archive.

For more information, please see:

The Guardian – Eichmann Claimed He was ‘A Mere Instrument’ in Holocaust, Appeal Reveals– 27 January 2016

The New York Times – Pardon Plea by Adolf Eichmann, Nazi War Criminal, is Made Public – 27 January 2016

Time – Nazi War Criminal’s Plea for Pardon is Made Public for the First Time – 27 January 2016

The Seattle Times – Israel Makes Public a Pardon Plea by Nazi Adolf Eichmann – 27 January 2016

Five Years after Tahrir Square

By Tyler Campbell

Impunity Watch Reporter, Africa

 

CAIRO, Egypt – It was January 11th, 2011 and the people of Egypt would no longer take the rule of president Mubarak. A month of protests, some of which turned violent, would end with the president Mubarak resignation and eventual life sentence. Five years later Egypt is faced with the realization that it has traded one repressive regime with multiple others in this short period of time.

Protesters in Tahrir Square the night before Mubarak’s resignation. Photo Courtesy: NY Times

On February 11th 2011, the people of Egypt had their victory and by June 2012 held their first real election in some 30 years. This victory was short lived. The newly elected Mohammed Morsi, a member of the Muslim Brotherhood, was overthrown with in a year by the Egyptian Military because of massive public outcry. The military would then declare the Muslim Brotherhood a terrorist organization and wage a campaign against them.

 

Fast-forward to 2014, and Egypt has drafted a new constitution and elected the former Armed Forces chief, el-Sisi as their president. El-Sisi has held his presidency into 2016 but with a repressive hand. Many human right’s activists are calling el-Sisi’s regime the most repressive in decades. Egyptian human rights activist and reporter, Hossam Bahgat has said the levels of oppression are worse than the worst periods in ex-president Mubarak’s or Gamal Abdel Nasser’s regimes. Bahgat recently found himself victim of the regime’s oppressive nature, and was detained for a number of days for publishing false news harmful to national security.

 

Since el-Sisi took power, his regime has imprisoned a record amount of journalists according to the Committee to Protect Journalists. Support of ex-president Morsi has also been outlawed. Not only has the Muslim Brotherhood been labeled a terrorist organization, but any political party with a religious base was also made unconstitutional by the 2014 constitution.

 

Most of the laws are focused on quieting any political dissidence. The country now has a protest law that criminalizes any unsanctioned march or rally. There have been reports that the regime is going so far to control the message that they are instructing preachers to declare any anti-government action a sin. Along with message control has also come increased surveillance around Cairo. Authorities have installed new surveillance equipment around Cairo especially in Tahrir Square. Authorities have also raided thousands of homes, taken political prisoners, and allegedly forced disappearances.

 

The joy and promise that was felt five years ago seems to be gone. The whole period of Arab Spring is merely a distant memory for the people of Egypt. Citizens and human rights activists must wonder how many more oppressive regimes must be toppled and replaced in Egypt until the that feeling of promise is not misplaced.

 

 

For more information, please see:

 

 

Bustle – It’s Been Five Years Since The Egyptian Revolution. Here’s What’s Changed – 25 Jan. 2016

Global Research – Five Years After Tahrir Square, Egypt’s Police State Worse Than Ever – 25 Jan. 2016

The Guardian – State repression in Egypt worst in decades, says activist – 24 Jan. 2016

The Atlantic – A Revolution Devours Its Children – 23 Jan. 2016

The New York Times – Hossam Bahgat, Journalist and Advocate, Is Released by Egypt’s Military – 10 Nov. 2015

Eli Rosenbaum Seeks To Have Former Nazi Deported

By Samuel Miller
Impunity Watch Reporter, North America and Oceania

WASHINGTON, D.C., United States of America — For over 35 years, director of Human Rights Enforcement Strategy and Policy Eli Rosenbaum has dedicated his career to prosecuting former Nazis. The human rights office got its start after congressional and public pressure prompted the Justice Department to try to track down former Nazis who had moved to the United States.

Rosenbaum has become the Justice Department’s best-known ‘Nazi Hunter’, assisting the Justice Department pursue 137 cases against suspected Nazis, of which 107 were successful in stripping citizenship or deporting these individuals.

After 35 years of service, Mr. Rosenbaum finds himself with just one active case: Jakiw Palij. Even more peculiar is that the 92 year-old suspected former guard at a Nazi concentration camp will most likely die in the United States, without answering for his alleged crimes against humanity.

Perhaps the most frustrating element for lawyers and researchers such as Rosenbaum working on the cases similar to the case of Jakiw Palij is that under U.S. law, the most that the court allows them to do is to deport former Nazis. Trying them for the actual crimes against humanity is something that has been left for authorities in other countries.

A federal judge ordered Palij deported in 2004, but none of three European countries to which he could be sent would take him. In court filings, Palij denied wrongdoing, claiming that he and other young men in his Polish hometown were coerced into working for the Nazi occupiers.

In the case of Palij, Rosenbaum said to CNN: “What Mr. Palij did prevented other people from reaching old age. He served at the Trawniki SS training and base camp — really a school for mass murder — and he trained on live Jews at the adjacent Trawniki Jewish Labor Camp. And, in the end, everyone who was held there was massacred.”

The atrocities of the Trawniki camp, where Palij worked, aren’t well known in part because the killing was thorough, and kept off official documents. The Trawniki training camp was dismantled in July 1944, due to the advances of the Soviet Red Army.

Though it remains unlikely that Mr. Palij will be deported from the United States, Mr. Rosenbaum remains undeterred to see justice served to those responsible for such a tragic and unforgettable act, stating he believes that he owes it to the victims of the Holocaust to bring every person responsible to justice.

For more information, please see:

CNN — U.S. Nazi hunter has one active case — 27 January 2016