By Ann Flower Seyse
Impunity Watch Reporter, Middle East

GENEVA, Switzerland– United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Navi Pillay, has called for an in depth, transparent investigation of Israel’s Operation Cast Lead. Pillay stated that “there is significant prima facie evidence of serious violations of international humanitarian law having been committed by the Israeli forces and Palestinian militants,” during the operation which took place between December 27, 2008 to January 18, 2009. The Palestinian Center for Human Rights reports that at least 1,400 Palestinians were killed, and at least thirteen Israelis, three of which were civilians during Israel’s 22-day offensive on Gaza.

The allegations which warrant further investigation include Israeli attacks on Gaza civilians, civilian hospitals, schools, administrative facilities and 27,000 private homes. Of particular concern for the UN is the “targeting of the civilian population and wanton destruction of property and religious and cultural objects” according to a separate report by a UN investigative team, released on August 14. “While these violations are of deep concern in their own right, the nearly total impunity that persists for such violations (regardless of the responsible duty bearer) is of grave concern, and constitutes a root cause for their persistence,” Pillay said.

Pillay’s report to the UN Human Rights Council also calls for the immediate easing of Israeli restrictions in the Palestinian territories. She hopes that this easing will lead to a lifting of the blockade on Gaza, which has been economically devastating to the people living there. Pillay claims that the blockade and restrictions on movement of people and goods in the West Bank “amount to collective punishment.”  The alleged torture of Palestinian detainees in Israeli prisons and collective punishment both contravene the Geneva Conventions, to which Israel is a party.

Moreover, the report specifically calls for Israel to cease its settlement expansion immediately. It also asks Israel to cease evictions of Palestinian homes in East Jerusalem, and address the persistent impunity for settler violence. Pillay remains concerned over Israel’s disregard for the International Court of Justice’s recommendation regarding the barrier wall that Israel is constructing to keep assailants out. The wall would enclose 9.5 per cent of the West Bank area.

Israeli Ambassador Aharon Leshno-Yaar rejected the findings of Pillay. Leshno-Yaar felt that the report failed to note recent moves by Israel to ease restrictions on Palestinians, and reflected an anti-Israel bias by the U.N. Human Rights Council.

The Arab News Network al Jazeera reports that Israel is now running an ad campaign to discredit human rights agencies that have reported negatively on Israel, including Human Rights Watch.

For more information, please see:
Al Jazeera – UN: Israel Had ‘Impunity’ in Gaza – 15August 2009

Al Jazeera – Israel Questions Gaza War Reports – 14 August 2009

Christian Science Monitor – Israel Killed Palestinians Waving White Flags, Report Says – 14 August 2009

Fox News- U.N. Human Rights Chief: Israel’s Blockade of Gaza Strip Is Illegal– 14 August 2009

United Nations – Significant Prima Facie Evidence of Serious Rights Abuses in Gaza, UN reports – 14 August 2009

By Meredith Lee-Clark
Impunity Watch Reporter, Middle East

AMMAN, Jordan – A 23-year-old pregnant woman was reportedly killed by her brother for marrying without her family’s permission.  On August 13, the 30-year-old man was charged with premeditated murder and illegal possession of weapons.

Jihad al-Diridi, the prosecutor who filed the charges, said the unnamed woman got married two years ago and had a baby boy.  The woman had reportedly reconciled with her parents, who invited her to another brother’s wedding on August 12, where the woman was killed.  Al-Diridi said the charged brother shot his sister in the head and abdomen after the wedding reception.  The woman’s husband was beaten by two other brothers, who were later charged with assisting in the crime.

After the killing, the brother who shot the woman walked to the nearest police station, turned himself in, and handed over his gun.  Sources said the man told police he had killed his sister “to cleanse his family’s honor.”

This “honor killing” was the second in two days in Amman.  The first such killing happened on August 11, when a 39-year-old man killed his 16-year-old niece.  The girl had been raped eleven months ago by two relatives and had become pregnant.  The uncle reportedly learned of the rape on August 8 and “decided to kill her in the name of family honor,” according to a source.  The girl was shot nine times in the head in her family home.  The uncle was charged with premeditated murder.

Fifteen honor killings have been reported in Jordan so far this year.  An average of twenty Jordanian women are killed each year by relatives who claim to be protecting the family honor, despite government attempts to curb the murders.  The Jordanian Parliament has refused to strengthen the penal code to create harsher sentences for the crimes.

For more information, please see:

Richmond Times-Dispatch – Jordanian Man Charged with Killing Pregnant Sister – 13 August 2009

Straits Times – Man Charged for Killing Sister – 13 August 2009

Vancouver Sun – Jordan Woman Killed for Marrying Without Permission – 13 August 2009

Jordan Times – Man Charged with Premeditated Murder of his 16-Year-Old Niece – 12 August 2009

Huffington Post – Jordanian Man Accused of Stabbing Pregnant Sister – 12 April 2009

By Meredith Lee-Clark
Impunity Watch Reporter, Middle East

RAMALLAH, West Bank – After the election for Fatah’s leadership body, the Central Committee, many of Fatah’s Gaza leaders have quit, citing massive voter fraud.  In addition, Fatah leaders in both Gaza and the West Bank have composed a memorandum to President Mahmoud Abbas, calling for the rejection of the August 12 elections.

The election determining Fatah’s eighteen-member leadership council has come under scrutiny, as allegations have surfaced regarding last-minute ballot substitutions and unilateral decisions for or against candidates.  The election has also sparked underlying tensions between members of the older Fatah leadership, who came of age immersed in the ideologies of Fatah’s founder, Yassir Arafat, and younger, more pragmatic locally-born leaders who have negotiated with Israel. 

One member of the “old guard” who lost his seat was top Palestinian negotiator and former Prime Minister Ahmed Qorei.  Qorei claimed that “interventions” marred the balloting, and said that he had formally complained to the Fatah leadership, “not only against the results but also against the entire process of elections.”

Fourteen out of the eighteen seats on the Central Committee were won by individuals who had never previously served on the Committee.  Many Palestinians see the election as a response to Fatah’s reputation for corruption, cronyism, and infighting, and the embodied hopes of Palestinians in favor of a more transparent, pragmatic approach to the Israel-Palestinian peace process.  Jailed leader Marwan Barghouti and Mohammad Dahlan, former head of the Fatah security forces in Gaza, were two of the most well-known newly elected members, and both are considered possible unifying, pragmatic leaders of Fatah.

Saeb Erekat, another leading Palestinian negotiator and newly elected member of the Central Committee said the August 12 election was “a coup against a leadership that had monopolized the movement for a long time without even presenting a report about its work.”

President Abbas said that Fatah came out of the elections “energized” and dismissed any speculation that the party had suffered a split.

For more information, please see:

Jerusalem Post – Fatah’s Gaza Leaders Quit, Citing Massive Vote Fraud – 14 August 2009

AFP – Abbas Rules Out Talks Unless Israel Halts Settlements – 13 August 2009

Ma’an News Agency – Angry Fatah Members to Deliver Rejection Memo to Abbas Over Elections – 13 August 2009

BBC News – Young Leaders Dominate Fatah Vote – 11 August 2009

New York Times – Fatah Party Election Brings in a New Generation – 11 August 2009

By Nykoel Dinardo
Senior Desk Officer, Middle East

GRENOCK PRISON, Scotland – As rumors arise that Scottish authorities will agree to release Abdel Basset Ali al Megrahi, the man convicted for the terrorist act known as the Lockerbie Bombing, debate continues over whether he should be released. 

Abdel Basset Ali al Megrahi was convicted for the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over the town of Lockerbie Scotland, which killed 270 people and is known more commonly as the Lockerbie Bombing.  He was sentenced to a minimum of 27 years in prison for his involvement in the terrorist act and has been serving his sentence in Grenock Prison in Scotland since his conviction.  However, in October 2008, after al Megrahi was diagnosed with terminal prostate cancer, he filed for compassionate release. 

On August 12 Scottish Government Spokesman Kenny MacAskill made a statement to the press saying that no decision has yet been made on the request.  However, information from other sources has led to speculation that al Megrahi’s request will be granted.  According to al Megrahi’s wife, she has recieved confirmation from Libyan authorities that her husband will be released and that she will see him soon.  Other reports have said that al Megrahi will be released and returned to Libya before the Muslim Holy Month of Ramadan begins on August 21. 

Following these reports, several relatives of those who were killed in the Lockebie Bombing have spoken out.  Susan Cohen, whose daughter Theodora, a member of a group of students from Syracuse University, who was on board Flight 103, stated that the thought of al Megrahi’s release “makes [her] sick” and that it would be “vile.”  An editorial written to Arab News argues that his release “is wrong” and that the way his case has been treated thus far is “a miscarriage of justice.”  Kathleen Flynn, whose son was killed in the bombing told the BBC that al Megrahi “should never qualify for anything compassionate.”

Others, however, have come out to speak in favor of his release.  Jim Swire, whose daughter Flora was killed in the bombing, stated that al Megrahi’s release would be to Scotland’s credit, and that “the sooner he is back with his family the better.”  Moreover, tthers claim that al Megrahi was wrongly convicted and should not be in prison at all.  According to Bob Monetti, whose son was killed, the families should “understand that Megrahi was just a tool in this.  He wasn’t the person who decided what to do.” 

Regardless of the debate over his release, al Megrahi continues his appeal and his request for release.  He awaits a statement from the Scottish Government, expected to come out later this week.

For more information, please see:

Arab News – Editorial: Lockerbie Bomber – 14 August 2009

IOL News – Wife of Lockerbie Bomber Counts the Days – 14 August 2009

BBC – Lockerbie Bomber ‘To Be Released’ – 13 August 2009

Bloomberg – Scottish Government Has Yet to Decide on Al Megrahi – 13 August 2009

New York Times – Release of Lockerbie Convict is Debated – 13 August 2009

Telegraph – Lockerbie Bomber: US Says He Should Complete Sentence – 13 August 2009]

Impunity Watch – Libya Asks for Return of Terminally Ill Lockerbie Bomber – 28 July 2009

By Ann Flower Seyse   
Impunity Watch Reporter, Middle East

EGYPT– In July 2009, the Assyrian International News Agency reported four Coptic Christian girls missing. There has been an increase in abductions of Coptic Christian girls the past year. Often Coptic girls that go missing, are reported but are not found until months later, after they have converted to Islam and married to Muslim men. This leads many Coptics to believe that their girls are being abducted and converted to Islam. Many families believe their girls are being raped as well.

The problem of abduction and forced conversion was first recognized by Coptic Pope Shenouda Ill in 1976. He stated at a conference in December of 1976 that “there is pressure being practiced to convert Coptic girls to embrace Islam, and to marry them under terror to Muslim husbands.”

While Coptic human rights organizations often report on the abductions, the mainstream media avoids reporting on them. The mainstream media typically only reports on the abductions after a marriage has occurred, and at that time the couple is portrayed as happy elopers. The parents of the missing girls that have gone through this do not believe this story. Most parents believe that their daughters were kidnapped, raped, and then forced to convert to Islam against their will.

On July 15, 2009 fifteen year old Marian Bishay was abducted when she left home to pick up dinner for her mother and young brothers from a local restaurant. When her family reported Bishay’s abduction to the police, the police shrugged their shoulders and told them that there was nothing that the police could do, according to the Free Copts agency in Cairo.
The Family, along with help from the Free Copts agency began the search for Bishay on their own. After the police refused to file a report, Bishay’s father has filed a complaint himself with the Attorney General against the men he suspects of abducting his daughter, after the police would not file a report for him. In Egypt kidnapping a minor is punishable by 15 years imprisonment, or longer if the victim was raped.

Unfortunately Bishay’s story is just one of several this month. Irene Hanna Labib (AINA 7-18-2009), Amira Morgan and Ingy Basta (AINA 7-30-2009) were all abducted in July 2009, and are still missing. Pharmacy student Rania Tawfik Asaad was reported missing on June 27 2009, however her family learned of her whereabouts and was able to bargain for her return after just one week. Asaad’s father learned that she was forced to marry an officer in the Egyptian Military, and her release was arranged in exchange for keeping things quiet.

Dr. Waheed Ala, Coptic activist and researcher at the Observatory of Religions in Switzerland, commented, “It is strange that the State agencies abide by silence and protect the criminals who kidnap the girls, and that they put pressure on us so that we do not even call for the State to play its role in protecting its citizens. We have noticed that when the kidnapped girl is a Muslim, the security agencies get active and work hard and arrest the kidnappers who then face trials and get imprisoned, but this does not happen when the kidnapped girl is a Coptic Christian. This is especially true because in the majority of cases, the State Security is the one who masterminds the kidnapping plans.”

The tensions between Coptic Christians and Muslims are becoming increasingly visible in daily life in Egypt. In the famously liberal and artistic city of Alexandria, bathing suits are disappearing, and being replaced by long-sleeve shirts and ankle-length black caftans topped by head scarves. Many Muslims think that Coptic women wearing less than full coverage is an insult to Islam, and on Alexandria’s beaches today, western bathing suits have disappeared. It is not clear whether this kind of difference has motivated Muslims to convert Coptics to Islam more forcefully.

For more information, please see:

AINA – Abduction and Forced Islamization of Christian Coptic Girls Continues in Egypt – 11 August 2009

NY Times – On Beaches, Intolerance Wears a Veil – 11 August 2009

AINA – Muslims Abduct Two Christian Coptic Girls in Egypt – 30 July 2009

Free Copts – Annual Report of the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom  – 23 July 2009

AINA – Egyptian Security Refuses to Return Abducted Christian Coptic Girl – 18 July 2009