The Middle East

Dozens Killed and More Wounded in Series of Attacks Across Iraq

By Thomas Murphy
Impunity Watch Reporter, Middle East

BAGHDAD, Iraq – Militants attacked in multiple locations across the country on Thursday, killing a number of people with reports as high as sixty-two dead.  The militants included bombers and gunmen appearing to target law enforcement personnel.  Most of the attacks occurred in the Anbar province, a stronghold of the anti-government Sunni population.

The remnants of a car bomb that injured a number of people in Kirkuk. (Photo Courtesy of BBC)

Gunmen shot and killed three soldiers at an army checkpoint near Barwana, a small Anbar town 140 miles northwest of Baghdad.  The gunmen then continued down the road and opened fire on a nearby trailer used by Iraqi security forces protecting oil facilities.  After killing the eleven officers inside, the gunmen proceeded to set the trailer ablaze.  The men inside the trailer were likely sitting down to break Ramadan fast at sunset when they were attacked.

A suicide car bomb in Fallujah, also in Anbar, killed two people and wounded five, according to local security officials. Additionally, the police headquarters there were reportedly attacked by gunmen killing seven officers.  Similarly, in Ramadi, the capital of Anbar, provincial officials stated that two officers were killed during an assault on a police station.

In the Anbar towns of Kirkuk, Tikrit, and Khaldia there were additional reports of attacks that employed car and roadside bombs to injure and kill a number of people including some soldiers.

Iraqi security forces were not the only target of the day as at least two attacks occurred in civilian settings.

In the town of Muqdadiya, 80 km northeast of Baghdad, a car bomb exploded at a funeral and a suicide bomber detonated himself as people began evacuating the wounded.  The attacks killed at least eleven people, police said.

“I was sitting inside the tent…when I heard a huge explosion. I rushed out (and) saw a car burning. While we were busy evacuating the injured, a suicide bomber took us by surprise,” said 47-year-old teacher Kadhim Hassan, who was taken to hospital with injuries to his leg.

Also, 85 km north of Baghadad, in Yathrib at least ten people were killed and eighteen others wounded when two car bombs occurred near a coffee shop.

The killings are only the continuation of violent turmoil that has seen more than 2,600 people killed since the beginning of April.  As a result, fear is spreading across the country that a civil war between the Sunnis and Shiites is becoming more and more likely.  Thus far, there has been no sign of a political comprise between the two sides.

For further information, please see:

People’s Daily – At least 62 killed, 139 wounded in wave of attacks across Iraq – 12 July 2013

Al Jazeera – Series of deadly attacks strike Iraq – 11 July 2013

BBC –Iraq violence: Dozens killed and wounded in new attacks  – 11 July 2013

Reuters –Bomb, gun attacks across Iraq kill at least 44 – 11 July 2013

Washington Post –Iraq attacks leave 31 dead, mostly security forces  – 11 July 2013

Deadly Shooting Results From Protest in Support of Ousted Egyptian President Morsi

By Darrin Simmons
Impunity Watch Reporter, Middle East

CAIRO, Egypt – In the wake of former Egypt President Mohamed Morsi being overthrown, turmoil has spread throughout Egypt and the Middle East.  Early Monday morning, outside of the barracks holding President Morsi, a deadly shooting ensued between the army and protesters.

Dozens were killed and hundreds injured during a protest in support of President Morsi (photo courtesy of BBC News)

Reports of up to fifty one people killed and more than three hundred injured during what has been termed a “massacre,” have flooded newsstands and human rights organizations.  Many have called upon the rest of the world to intervene and prevent Egypt from becoming the next Syria.

Great Britain has been insisting for an investigation into the shooting, in support of a democratic constitution in Egypt to provide free and fair elections.  The European Union has heavily regulated its funds pledged to carry out aid in Egypt while also condemning the killings.

The United States has issued a statement asking the Egyptian army to exercise “maximum restraint” and extreme caution when condemning the uprisings along with condolences for those who were killed and injured.

“We remain deeply concerned about the increasing violence across Egypt.  We strongly condemn any violence or any incitement to violence,” stated Jen Psaki, a U.S. State Department spokeswoman.

Protesters outside of the barracks were members of the Muslim Brotherhood, who were staging a “peaceful” protest in support of President Morsi.  However, the army claimed that a “terrorist group” attempted to storm the barracks, attacking first with “heavy gunfire.”

“The Republican Guard fired tear gas, but the thugs came for the side.  We were the target,” stated Mahmud al Shili, a protestor member of the Muslim Brotherhood.

“Every police force in the world understands how to disperse a sit-in.  This is just a criminal activity targeting protesters,” claimed a Muslim Brotherhood spokesman, Gehad Haddad.

Daily protests by the Muslim Brotherhood have been held since the ousting of President Morsi last Wednesday.  The Brotherhood has denounced his overthrow as a military coup and has been expressing their resistance against the “usurper authorities.”

Footage has been released contradicting the army’s claim that the gates of the barracks were attacked by protestors.  However, the army has also released footage of the protestors attacking and shooting at the troops.

Army Colonel Ahmed Mohammed Ali reported that they suffered deaths and injuries as well.  Two policemen and an army officer were killed along with another forty two troop members injured in the shooting.

“Deep sorrow” over the loss of lives and a call for restraint has been voiced by Egypt’s office of the interim president Adly Mansour.

For more information, please see the following: 

Aljazeera – Massacre in Cairo deepens Egypt crisis – 08 July 2013

BBC News – Egypt unrest: Tensions soar amid Cairo killings – 08 July 2013

Guardian – Dozens killed in Cairo after gunmen open fire on pro-Morsi protesters – 08 July 2013

Sky News – Egypt: Brotherhood calls for further protests – 08 July 2013

 

 

 

 

Egyptian President Morsi Ousted By Military

By Thomas Murphy
Impunity Watch Reporter, Middle East

CAIRO, Egypt – Egypt’s military has seized control of the country and forced President Morsi out of office.  Adly Mansour, the Chief Justice of the country’s top court, has been sworn in as the interim president.

Egypt’s new interim president Adly Mansour. (Photo Courtesy of AFP)

The events of the last four days unfolded rather quickly.  Initially, protesters began gathering in Tahrir Square on the night of Thursday, the 28th, for planned weekend protests in opposition of President Morsi.  By Sunday, protesters across Cairo and the entire country reportedly numbered in the millions.

On Monday, General Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, the highest ranking Egyptian military officer, gave President Morsi a 48-hour ultimatum to come to an agreement with the protesters and opposition parties or face military intervention. Morsi balked at the ultimatum and refused offers from the opposition to negotiate until offering a last second plan for a coalition government that the military and opposition leaders saw as too little, too late.

The military’s ultimatum carried with it a 5:00 P.M. Wednesday deadline.  When the deadline passed, the military began deploying armed forces around Cairo and detaining key Muslim Brotherhood political officials including President Morsi.

In a statement posted on the Egyptian Presidency Facebook page, Essam El-Haddad, Egypt’s national security adviser called the on-going situation “a full military coup.”

Late Wednesday, opposition leader Mohammed ElBaradei and religious leaders made a televised a statement regarding the military’s future plans for the government according to the state news agency.  The military’s road map provides for a brief period of rule under a civilian leadership council followed by new presidential and parliamentary elections.  However, it has not been made clear exactly when elections will take place.

Cheif Justice Mansour was sworn in before the Constitutional Court on Thursday and addressed the public.  He emphasized that the Muslim Brotherhood were still a part of the people and would not be excluded.

“I swear by God to uphold the Republican system and respect the constitution and law… and safeguard the people and protect the nation,” he said.  “[…] Nobody will be excluded, and if they responded to the invitation, they will be welcomed.”

To the contrary, Egyptian authorities have ordered the arrests of Muslim Brotherhood leaders and officials.  At least a dozen have already been taken into custody including Saad El Katatni, leader of the Muslim Brotherhood’s Freedom and Justice Party, and President Morsi, who is under house arrest.

For further information, please see:

Al Jazeera – Top judge sworn in as Egypt interim president – 4 July 2013

Al Jazeera – Profile: Egypt’s interim leader Adly Mansour – 4 July 2013

Washington Post – Top Muslim Brotherhood officials ordered arrested as Egypt appoints interim president – 4 July 2013

BBC – Egypt army deployed amid Cairo tension– 3 July 2013

New York Times – Before Protests, Morsi Takes Critics Head On – 27 June 2013

Seven Saudi Arabian activists jailed for peaceful protest via Facebook

by Darrin Simmons
Impunity Watch Reporter, Middle East

RIYADH, Saudi Arabia – The use of Facebook has recently caused problems for seven Saudi Arabian activists who received prison terms for inciting riots on the social network site.  The activists were held for a year and a half before being sentenced by a special tribunal handling terrorism related cases.

Facebook usage has led to seven Saudi activists being jailed for peaceful protest (photo courtesy of Aljazeera)

After the leading Shia cleric, Tawfiq al-Amer, was jailed for a year without trial beginning in 2011 for calling for a constitutional monarchy, the seven activists took to Facebook to express their support for al-Amer.

Each of the seven received varying amounts of jail time ranging from five to ten years.  The activist who set up the Facebook account received ten years for allegedly providing information on how to perform the best protesting techniques.

Human Rights Watch (HRW), a New York rights group, reported that the Saudi activists, who weren’t even charged with actively participating in the riots, have been subjected to a violation of their right to voice their opinion and hold a peaceful protest.

“Sending people off to years in prison for peaceful Facebook posts sends a strong message that there’s no safe way to speak out in Saudi Arabia, even on online social networks,” claimed the deputy Middle East director of HRW, Joe Stork.

The seven activists were banned from travelling for any additional periods of time and several of the them claimed that they were tortured into signing confessions, reported HRW.  The Saudi Interior Ministry has not been available to comment or make an official statement.

HRW also insisted that Catherine Ashton, European Union foreign policy chief, condemn the conviction as she and other European officials were attending a discussion in Bahrain with other members of the Gulf States.

Every activist is from East Province, an area that has experienced protests and disturbance amongst the minority Shi’ites who have alleged discrimination and negligence against the Riyadh government.

Major discontent amongst Shias and Shi’ites has been seen throughout Saudi Arabia with at least twenty people being killed by security forces since 2011.  Last Thursday, a protest was held at the funeral of a wanted man killed by the police with thousands gathering to express their dissent of the ruling al-Saud family.

Sebastian Usher, the BBC World Service’s Middle East editor, reported that the activists received their sentences because their case involved two highly controversial aspects that concern the Saudi Arabian government: “political criticism expressed online and protests staged by the Shia minority in the east of the country.”

One Saudi-based human rights campaigner said, “The sectarian situation in the region made the sentences tough and unreasonable.”  As tension increases among the sects, one wonders what freedom will next be taken away for the Saudi Arabian people.

For further information, please see the following: 

National – Seven Saudis jailed for up to a decade for protest call on Facebook – 1 Jul. 2013

Aljazeera – Saudis jailed for urging protests on Facebook – 30 Jun. 2013

BBC – Saudi Arabia court jails seven Facebook cyber activists – 30 Jun. 2013

Reuters – Seven Saudis jailed for urging protests on Facebook: HRW – 30 Jun. 2013

 

Bahrain Teenager Sentenced to One Year in Prison over a Tweet

By Kathryn Maureen Ryan
Impunity Watch Reporter, Middle East

MANAMA, Bahrain—A lower criminal court in Bahrain, led by a member of the Bahraini royal family, sentenced 17-year-old Ali Al Shofa to serve a year in prison for insulting remarks made about King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifah of Bahrain. According to The Bahrain Centre for Human Rights (BCHR), Ali Al Shofa was arrested in a house raid in March and held in jail for two months while his case was under investigation. The 17-year-old was accused of tweeting insulting comments about Sheikh Hamad Al-Khalifa on the Twitter Account @alkawarahnews. He denied any relationship with this account and his lawyer submitted evidence that despite his client’s lack of access to the web the account was still being run by other people.

Ali Al Shofa, age 17, was sentenced to a year in prison for allegedly insulting the king. (Photo courtesy of Al Jazeera)

The sentencing appears to be a part of a wider crackdown on freedom of speech in Bahrain which has been occurring since the Arab Spring spread to the region in 2011.Earlier this year five Bahraini men were tried separately for allegedly insulting the Bahraini ruler via Twitter, each was sentenced to serve a year in prison. 25-year-old Bahraini lawyer Mahdi al-Basri, was arrested after the police conducted a raid on his home in Karrana. 34-year-old Mahmood ‘Abdul-Majeed ‘Abdullah Al-Jamri, 33-year-old Hassan ‘Abdali ‘Issa, 26-year-old Mohsen ‘Abdali ‘Issa, 36-year-old and ‘Ammar Makki Mohammad Al-Aali, 36, were all detained the day after Mahdi al-Basri’s arrest a day later. The Five men were sentenced to one year imprisonment on May 15, 2013.Mahdi al-Basri was accused of tweeting insulting Twitter messages in June 2012 on an account that was allegedly traced back to his IP address. He has denied all charges and argues that the tweets he was accused of posting were not tweeted from his personal Twitter account.

Amnesty Internati0onal has called for the immediate release of the accused men.  Hassiba Hadj Sahraoui, Middle East and North Africa Deputy Director at Amnesty International said “The authorities in Bahrain seem to be using every trick in the book to stop people from expressing their views.”

Amnesty International has argued that two years after the uprising in Bahrain, despite the government’s claims of having implemented reforms aimed at addressing the concerns of the Bahraini people, Bahrain has begun to further crack down on freedom of expression. On April 14, 2013 the country’s cabinet endorsed an amendment to Article 214 of the Penal Code. The amendment increases the penalty for insulting King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifah, the country’s flag and other national symbols. The Amendment would make any insulting comment mad about the king or notational symbols punishable by steep fines and up to five years in prison.

The United States Department of State issued a report in April 2013 which claimed that the situation in Bahrain has not improved since the uprising two years ago. The Report said that “the most serious human rights problems included citizens’ inability to change their government peacefully” the report alleged that protesters are often detained on vague charges which in some cases have let to torture in prisons.

Albawaba – Bahrain Student Sentenced for Insulting King on Twitter – 30 June 2013

Al Jazeera – Bahrain Student Sentenced for Insulting King – 29 June 2013

Amnesty International – Bahrain Must Release Twitter Users Jailed for Allegedly Insulting the King – 16 May 2013

Al Jazeera – Bahrain Rejects US Report on Human Rights – 25 April 2013